تجزیه‌وتحلیل نگاره‌ای عملکرد دانه و اجزای آن در برخی رقم‌های گندم نان به روش دی‌آلل-روش هیمن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران، تهران، ایران

2 هیات علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهد

چکیده

به‌منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل نگاره‌ای (گرافیکی) و برآورد فراسنجه (پارامتر)های ژنتیکی عملکرد دانه و اجزای آن از تلاقی دی‌آلل یک‌سویه و هفت نژادگان (ژنوتیپ) گندم نان استفاده شد. در این بررسی والدین به همراه 21 دورگ (هیبرید) آن‌ها در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار ارزیابی شدند. نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس گویای وجود تفاوت معنی‌دار بین نژادگان‌ها برای ارتفاع بوته، طول ساق گل (پدانکل)، طول سنبله، شمار دانه در بوته، عملکرد دانه در بوته و وزن هزاردانه بود. نتایج آزمون مقدماتی جینکز و هیمن نشان داد، فرضیه‌های مدل برای شمار دانه در بوته و عملکرد دانه در بوته صادق بود اما برای طول سنبله، طول ساق گل و وزن هزاردانه با حذف یک والد و برای ارتفاع بوته با حذف دو والد صادق شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از تجزیۀ هیمن نشان داد، اثر افزایشی و غیرافزایشی ژن‌ها در کنترل صفات نقش دارند. بیشترین میزان وراثت‌پذیری خصوصی در ارتفاع بوته (47/.) و کمترین آن در شمار دانه در بوته (21/.) مشاهده شد. با توجه به برآورد میانگین درجۀ غالبیت و نتایج تجزیه‌وتحلیل نگاره‌ای، عمل ژن در عملکرد دانه و ارتفاع بوته از نوع اثر افزایشی و در طول ساق گل، شمار دانه در بوته، طول سنبله و وزن هزاردانۀ فوق غالبیت بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Graphical analysis of grain yield and its components in some bread wheat cultivars by diallel -Hayman method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Abdi 1
  • Mohammad Hossein fotokian 2
2 Academic member
چکیده [English]

In order to graphical analysis and estimation of genetic parameters for yield and its components, a one-way diallel cross was applied with seven bread wheat genotypes. In this study, 21 hybrids along with their parents were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results of variance analysis showed significant difference among genotypes for plant height, peduncle length, spike length, the number of seeds per plant, plant grain yield, and 1000-grain weight. The results of Jinks and Hayman primary test showed that assumptions for the number of seed per plants and plan grain yield were authentic, but it was true for spike length, peduncle length, and 1000-grain weight after eliminating one parent and for plant height by eliminating two parents. The results of Hayman analysis showed the role of additive and non-additive effects of genes on the control of traits. Maximum and minimum of narrow-sense heritability were obtained for plant height (0.47) and the number of seeds per plant (0.21), respectively. According to the average degree of dominance and the results of the graphical analysis, the gene action for grain yield and plant height was additive effects, while it was over-dominance for peduncle length, the number of seeds per plant, spike length and 1000-grain weight.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Additive and over-dominance effects of genes
  • genetic parameters
  • gene action
  1. Abdul Rehman Rashid, M., Salam Khan, A. & Iftikha, R. (2012). Genetic studies for yield and yield related parameters in bread Wheat. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 12(12), 579-1583.
  2. Arshad, M. & Chowdhry, M. S. (2003). Genetic behavior of wheat under irrigated and drought stress environment. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 2, 58-64.
  3. Barnlard, A., Labuschange, T. & Niekerk, H. (2001). Heritability estimates of bread wheat quality traits in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Euphytica, 127, 115-122.
  4. Budak, N. (2001). Genetic analysis of certain quantitative traits in the F2 generation of a 8×8 diallel of durum population. Turkish Journal of field crops, 38, 63-70.
  5. Bushuk, W. & Rasper, V.F. (1994). Wheat production, properties and quality. Blakie Academic and professional- An important. Chapman and Hall.
  6. Cemal, Y., Faheem Shehzeol, B. & Hakan, O. (2009). Genetic analysis of some physical properties of bread wheat grain. Turkish Journal of agriculture and forestry, 33, 525-535.
  7. Dağüstü, N. (2008). Genetic analysis of grain yield per spike and some agronomic traits in diallel crosses of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 32, 249-258.
  8. Dhanda, S.S. & Sethi, G.S. (1998). Inheritance of excised-leaf water loss and relative water content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Euphytica, 104, 39-47.
  9. Edwards, B. (2001). Hybrid wheat. In: A.P. Bonjean, and W.J. Angus (Ed), The World wheat book: A history of wheat breeding. (pp.1019-1045) Lavoiser Publishers, Paris.
  10. El-Khayat, GH., Samaan, J., Manthey, F.A., Fuller, M.P. & Brennan, C.S. (2006). Durum wheat quality I: some physical and chemical characteristics of Syrian durum wheat genotypes. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 41, 22-29.
  11. Farshadfar, E., Aghaie Sarbarzeh, M., Sharifi, M. & Yaghopoor, A. (2008). Assessment of salt tolerance in barley via generation mean analysis. Journal of Biological Science, 8(2), 461-465.
  12. Griffing, B. (1956). generalized treatment of use of diallel crosses in qualitative inheritance. Heredity, 10, 31-50.
  13. Hayman, B. I. (1954). The theory and analysis of diallel crosses. Genetics, 39(6), 789-809.
  14. Habib, I. & Khan, A.S. (2003). Genetic model of some economic traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 2, 1153-1154.
  15. Heidari, B., Rezai, A.M. & Mirmohammadi Maibody, S.A.M. (2006). Diallel analysis for the estimation of genetic parameters for grain yield and grain yield components in bread wheat. Journal of  Science, Technology and Agricultural Natural Resources, 10(2), 121-139. (In farsi).
  16. Jinks, J.L. & Hayman, B.I. (1953). The analysis of diallel crosses. Maize genetics, 43, 223-234.
  17. Iran-Nejad, H. & Shahbaziyan, N. (2005). Cereal cultivation. (Vol. I), Wheat Karenoo                          Publications, Tehran, Iran. (In farsi).
  18. Kearsey, M.Y, & Pooni, H.S. (1996). The Genetically Analysis of quantities Traits. Chapman and Hall London.
  19. Mather, K.  (1949). Biometrical genetics. Dover publication, Inc., New York.
  20. Mather, K. & Jinks, J.L. (1982). Biometrical genetics- The study of continuous variation. Chapman and Hall.
  21. Ojaghi, J. & Akhundi, A. (2010). Genetic effects for grain yield and its related traits in doubled haploid lines of wheat. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 12(1), 86-90.
  22. Riaz R. & Chowdhry, M.A. (2003). Genetic analysis of some economic traits of wheat under drought condition. Asian journal of plant science, 6, 790-796.
  23. Singh H., Sharma S.N. & Sain R.S. (2004). Combining ability for some quantitative characters in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell). Crop science, 45, 68-72.
  24. Zare-kohan1, M. & Heidari, B. (2012). Estimation of genetic parameters for maturity and grain yield in diallel crosses of five wheat cultivars using two different models. Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(8), 74-85.
  25. Zhang Y., Kang MS. & Lamky, RK. (2005). DIALLEL-SAS 05: A comprehensive program for Griffing’s and Gardner –Eberhart Analyses. Agronomy, 97, 1097-1106.