پاسخ های فیزیولوژیکی ارقام متحمل و حساس کلزا به تنش گرما

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

2 - دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

3 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

تنش گرما یکی از مهمترین تنش­های غیرزیستی است که عملکرد کلزا را تحت تأثیر قرار می­دهد.به منظور مطالعه پاسخ­های فیزیولوژیکی ارقام متحمل و حساس کلزا به تنش گرما، دو رقم متحمل (صفی5 و مهتاب) و دو رقم حساس (DH13 و زمان) به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در اتاقک رشدکشت شدند و در مرحله گلدهی به مدت 72 ساعت تحت تنش گرما با دمای 35/22 (روز/ شب) قرار گرفتند. دمای برگ، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، نشت یونی، محتوای کلروفیل a و b، فلئورسانس کلروفیل (Fv/Fm) و میزان کاروتنوئید، اندازه­گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در شرایط تنش، محتوای نسبی آب کاهش و دمای برگ افزایش یافت، در حالیکه دمای بالا تأثیری بر نشت یونی نداشت. فلئورسانس کلروفیل تحت تنش کاهش یافت که این کاهش در ارقام حساس بیشتر از ارقام متحمل بود. از میزان کلروفیل a و b نیز در شرایط تنش کاسته شد، اما میزان کاروتنوئید در ارقام حساس کاهش و در ارقام متحمل افزایش یافت. همبستگی بالایی بین صفات محتوای نسبی آب، دمای برگ، فلئورسانس کلروفیل و میزان کلروفیل گیاه مشاهده شد. به طور کلی یافته ها نشان داد که محتوای نسبی آب و دمای برگ، نقش بیشتری در تحمل گرما دارند که می توان از آنها در غربال ارقام متحمل استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Physiological responses of tolerant and susceptible rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars to heat stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Rezaeizadeh 1
  • Valiollah Mohammadi 2
  • Hasan Zeinali Khanghah 3
  • AbasAli Zali 3
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Heat stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses reducing rapeseed productivity. In order to study the physiological responses of tolerant and susceptible rapeseed cultivars to heat stress, two tolerant, SAFI5 and MAHTAB, and two susceptible cultivars, DH13 and ZAMAN, were planted in a growth chamber in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Plants were moved to a chamber with 35/22 (day/night) temperature for 72 hours at the flowering stage. Leaf temperature, relative water content, electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), the content of chlorophyll a and b and carotenoid content were measured. Relative water content decreased significantly and leaf temperature increased under stress while electrolyte leakage did not change remarkably. Chlorophyll fluorescence decreased due to heat stress, susceptible cultivars showing more reduction. Content of chlorophyll a and b decreased under heat stress condition. Carotenoid content, however, increased in tolerant cultivars and decreased in susceptible ones. Significant high correlations were observed among relative water content, leaf temperature, chlorophyll fluorescence, and chlorophyll content. In sum, the results indicated that relative water content and leaf temperature had a greater contribution to heat tolerance and could be applied in screening tolerant varieties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • chlorophyll fluorescence
  • leaf temperature
  • rapeseed
  • relative water contentcontent

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علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 4
بهمن 1398
صفحه 89-98

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 آذر 1397
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 بهمن 1398

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