بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف نیتروژن و تراکم کشت بر رقابت کلزا (Brassica napus L.) و علف‌هرز ارشته خطایی (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fenzl.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد شناسایی و مبارزه با علف‌های هرز ، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی ساری

3 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکترا، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، تخصص: علوم علف های هرز

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر تراکم­های مختلف علف­هرز ارشته خطایی ((Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fenzl. بر میزان اُفت عملکرد دانه و همچنین خصوصیات کیفی و کارائی زراعی نیتروژن کلزا، آزمایشی به ­صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در سال زراعی 95-1394 در کرج اجرا شد. فاکتورها شامل مقدار نیتروژن از منبع کودی اوره در چهار سطح صفر، 50، 100 و 150 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار، تراکم کلزا در دو سطح 70 و 90 بوته در متر مربع و تراکم علف‌هرز ارشته خطایی در چهار سطح صفر، پنج، 10 و 15 بوته در متر مربع بود. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که حداکثر اُفت عملکرد در تراکم­ 70 بوته در متر مربع با مصرف 150 کیلوگرم نیتروژن و 90 بوته کلزا در متر مربع با مصرف 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن، به­ترتیب 26/54 و 78/45 درصد بود. نتایج نشان که بالاترین درصد و عملکرد روغن، به­ترتیب با 77/40 درصد با 1504 کیلوگرم در هکتار در تراکم 90 بوته کلزا در متر مربع و با مصرف 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و بدون حضور علف‌هرز ارشته خطایی بدست آمد. بالاترین کارایی زراعی نیتروژن، با 89/19 کیلوگرم در کیلوگرم در تراکم 90 بوته کلزا و بدون حضور علف‌هرز مشاهده شد. بیشترین بهره­وری ناخالص نیتروژن، با 36/24 کیلوگرم در کیلوگرم، در تراکم 90 بوته در متر مربع کلزا و با کاربرد 50 کیلوگرم نیترون در هکتار مشاهده شد. نتایج اثر متقابل نیتروژن و تراکم علف‌هرز ارشته خطایی نشان داد که بالاترین بهره­وری ناخالص نیتروژن، با 87/23 کیلوگرم در کیلوگرم، در تیمار 50 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار و عدم حضور علف‌هرز ارشته خطایی مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different levels of nitrogen and planting density on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and lepyrodiclis (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fenzl.) competition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Vahidpour 1
  • Faezeh Zaefarian 2
  • Shahram Nazari 3
  • Irandokht Mansoori 4
1 1M.Sc student of Weed Science, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy, Sari Agricultural sciences and Natural Resourses
3 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
4 Instructor of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effect of different lepyrodiclis (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fenzl.) densities on grain yield reduction, as well as qualitative and nitrogen agronomic efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Karaj, 2016-2017. Factors included nitrogen content from urea fertilizer source at four levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N/h, rapeseed densities (70 and 90 plants/m2) and weed density at four levels (0, 5, 10 and 15 plants/m2). The results showed that maximum yield loss at 70 and 90 plant densities of rapeseed/m2 was 26.54 and 78.45%, respectively, with 150 and 100 kg nitrogen. The highest percentage of oil and oil yield were 77.40% and 1504 kg/ha, respectively that were obtained by 90 plants/m2of rapeseed and 150 kgN/ha and no weed. The highest N-agronomic efficiency (89.19 kg/kg) was obtained by 90 rapeseed plants/m2 and without weed presence. The highest N-partial factor productivity was 36.24 kg/kg that was observed in 90 plants/m2 rapeseed and 50 kgN/ha. The results of nitrogen interaction and lepyrodiclis density indicated that the highest N-partial factor productivity (87.23 kg/kg) was observed in the treatment of 50 kg N/ha and absence of weed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grain yield
  • nitrogen agronomic efficiency
  • oil percentage
  • rapeseed

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علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 4
بهمن 1398
صفحه 63-74

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 دی 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 دی 1397
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 بهمن 1398

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