اثر مصرف کود زیستی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام ارزن معمولی (Panicum miliaceum L.) و دم روباهی (Setaria italica L.) در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور

2 عضو هیات علمی پیام نور استان اصفهان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری و کاربرد کود زیستی بر صفات مورفولوژیک، فیزیولوژیک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم ارزن، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایۀ بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه پیام نور شهرستان فریدونشهر در سال 1396 اجرا گردید. در این آزمایش رژیم های رطوبتی به‌عنوان عامل اصلی در سه سطح (تأمین 100، 75 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه) در کرت‌های اصلی و کاربرد کود زیستی در سه سطح شامل: عدم کاربرد، 5/0 و یک لیتر کود زیستی (باکتری ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم و آزوسپیریلوم برازیلنس به‌صورت بذرمال) و دو رقم ارزن (گلباف و باستان) به‌عنوان عوامل فرعی به‌صورت فاکتوریل درکرت‌های فرعی بودند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده ها نشان داد که تنش کم‌آبی موجب کاهش معنی‌دار ارتفاع بوته، روز تا رسیدگی، محتوای آب برگ، عملکرد بیولوژیک، تعداد خوشه در بوته، تعداد دانه در خوشه، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت شد. بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد دانه ارزن در تیمارهای بدون تنش کم‌آبی و کاربرد یک لیتر کود زیستی و تنش شدید کم‌آبی و بدون مصرف کود زیستی (25/1071 و 75/318 کیلوگرم در هکتار) حاصل شد که حاکی از کاهش 2/63 درصدی ناشی از تنش شدید کم‌آبی بر این صفت می‌باشد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده از این آزمایش، کاربرد کود زیستی، توانست اثرات مضر ناشی از تنش کم‌آبی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در هر دو رقم ارزن را کاهش دهد. رقم باستان از نظر عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه در رژیم­های مختلف رطوبتی، اعم از کاربرد وعدمکاربرد کود زیستی نسبت به رقم گلباف برتری نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of bio-fertilizers application on yield and yield components of millet cultivars Common (Panicum miliaceum L.) and Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) in water deficit stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • zohrab adavi 1
  • Abolfazl Baghbani- Arani 2
1 Assistant Professor of Department of Payame Noor University
2 Assistant Professor of Department of Payame Noor University
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effect of different irrigation regimes and bio-fertilizers application on morphological, physiological, yield and yield components of two millet cultivars, an experiment was conducted as split factorial based on complete randomized blocks design with four replications on the research farm of Fereydunshahr, Esfahan province in 2016. In this experiment, irrigation regimes were considered as the main plots with three levels (100, 75 and 50 percent of plant water requirement) while bio-fertilizer (with three levels including control, using 1 or 0.5 L.ha-1 Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum brasilense as seed inoculation) and millet cultivars (including Golbaf and Bastan) were arranged as factorial sub plots. The results of varience analysis showed that plant height, days to maturity, relative water content, biological yield, number of panicles per plant, number of seeds per panicle, the thousand-seed weight, grain yield, harvest index were significantly decreased under the water deficit stress. The highest seed yield obtained in non-stressed treatments by using 1 liter of bio fertilizer while the lowest was observed under the severe deficit water stress without bio fertilizer which indicates a 63.2% reduction in seed yield due to the severe water. According to the results of this experiment, the application of bio fertilizer could reduce the harmful effects of water stress on yield and yield components in both millet varieties. Bastan cultivar showed greater biological and seed yield advantage over Golbaf cultivar under different irrigation regimes including with or without bio-fertilizers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agronomical traits
  • Azospirillum
  • Azotobacter
  • biological yield
  • low irrigation

مراجع

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علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 4
بهمن 1398
صفحه 13-25

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 آبان 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 26 اسفند 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 فروردین 1398
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 بهمن 1398

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