تأثیر کاربرد ورمی کمپوست و کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی ذرت (Zea mays L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده تحصیلات تکمیلی، دانشکاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خرم آباد، خرم آباد، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه کاربرد کودهای آلی در جهت بهینه‌سازی مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و همچنین افزایش تولید و حفظ حاصلخیزی خاک در نظام‌های زراعی پایدار، اهمیت ویژه‌ای دارد. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست و کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی ذرت دانه‌ای سینگل‌کراس 704، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. عامل‌ها شامل کود پایه در سه سطح (کاربرد کود شیمیایی، ورمی‌کمپوست و کاربرد توأم 50 درصد کود شیمیایی و ورمی‌کمپوست) و زمان کوددهی شامل (عدم‌مصرف، یک‌مرحله و دو مرحله ‌کود ‌سرک نیتروژن) بودند. نتایج نشان ‌داد که کود پایه و کود سرک دارای اثر معنی‌داری بر صفات بود. کاربرد کود شیمیایی و همچنین کاربرد توأم کود شیمیایی و ورمی-کمپوست، نسبت به کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست خالص برتری معنی‌داری داشت. بیشترین افزایش صفات در عامل کود سرک با افزایش ارتفاع بوته، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه بود. بالاترین عملکرد دانه (8935 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و پروتئین (6/8 درصد) در عامل کاربرد توأم کود پایه به‌دست آمد. یافته‌ها نشان‌ داد که کاربرد توأم کود پایه علاوه بر افزایش عملکرد و پروتئین دانه، می‌تواند موجب بهینه‌سازی مصرف کود نیتروژن در زراعت ذرت شده و همچنین یک مرحله کوددهی سرک می‌تواند رشد و عملکرد اقتصادی این گیاه را به نحو چشمگیری بهبود بخشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Vermicompost and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Quantitative and Qualitative Yield of Corn (Zea Mays L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Rafiee 1
  • Abdol Reza Koonani 2
1 Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREO, Khorramabad, Iran.
2 MS Graduated of Agronomy, Agricultural Department, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad Branch, Khorramabad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, the use of organic fertilizers is very important to optimize the use of chemical fertilizers, as well as increasing the production and preservation of soil fertility in sustainable agricultural systems. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of vermicompost and nitrogen fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative yield of S.C 704 corn in a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The factors consisted of three levels of base fertilizer (application of chemical fertilizer, vermicompost and combined application of 50% chemical fertilizer and vermicompost) at sowing time, and Side dress fertilization (non-consumption, one stage and two levels of nitrogen fertilizer). The results showed that basic fertilizer and side dress fertilizer had a significant effect on traits. The application of fertilizer as well as the application of combined fertilizer and vermicompost had a significant advantage over pure vermicompost application. Most of the increase in grain yield dressing with an increase in plant height, grain yield and its components. The highest grain yield (8935 kg. ha-1) and protein (8.6%) were obtained in the application of combined basic fertilizer application. The results showed that the combined use of basic fertilizer in addition to increasing yield and protein content, can optimize the use of nitrogen fertilizer on corn as well as a one-stop side dress fertilizing can grow and economic performance of the plant to significantly improve.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Optimization
  • seed protein
  • S.C 704
  • Economic performance
  • side dress Fertilizer
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