نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل
2 عضوی هیات علمی دانشگاه زابل
3 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه زابل
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
In order to evaluate the effect of drought stress, chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizers on morphological traits, flower and essential oil yield of chamomile, an experiment was conducted in Zabol University Research Field, during 2016. The experiment was done as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plots were drought stress including; irrigation after 90, 70 and 50 % of field capacity (FC) depletion and the sub plots were phosphorus fertilizers including; non fertilizer, 100 % chemical phosphorus, combined of 50 % of phosphate fertilizer + biofertilizers (Phosphate B-2), biological fertilizer (Phosphate B-2). The results showed that plant height, stem and head diameter were affected by drought stress and fertilizer. By increasing the stress intensity from 90 (control) to 50% of FC plant height, stem and head diameter was reduced and application of 50 % from chemical and biological fertilizers showed the most influence. Interaction between drought stress and fertilizer on number of main stem, number of flower per plant, dry weight of plant, flower and essential oil yield were significantly affected. The highest number of main stem, number of flower per plant, dry weight of plant, flower and essential oil yield was obtained from non-stress with chemical and biological phosphorus combination. Based on the results, in order to improve the morphological traits, flower and essential oil yield of chamomile the combined application of chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizers with conventional irrigation will be appropriate.
کلیدواژهها [English]
10. Baher Nik, Z., Rezaee, M. B., Ghorbanli, M., Asgari, F. & Araghi, M. K. (2004). Research on the changes of metabolism in response to water stress in Satureja hortensis L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 20(3), 263-275. (In Farsi)
11. Fallah, S., Ghalav, A. & Khajehpour, M. R. (2007). Effect of mixing manure with soil and its integration with chemical fertilizer on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.). Journal of Water and Soil, 11(40), 233-242. (In Farsi)
12. Fallahi, J., Koocheki, A. & Rezvani Moghadam. P. (2009). Effects of biofertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of chamomile (Matricaria recutita) as a medicinal plant. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 7(1), 127-135. (In Farsi)
13. French, R. J., & Turner, N. C. (2008). Water deficit change dry matter partitioning and seed yield in narrow leafed lupins. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 42, 471-484.
14. Hassani, A., Omid Beigi, R. & Heidari Sharifabadi, H. (2004). Study of some drought resistance indices in basil (Osimum basilicum). Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 10(4), 65-74. (In Farsi)
15. Hassanpour, R., Pirdashti, H., Esmaili, M. & Abssian, A. (2010). Effect of supernitroplas and Urea of bio-fertilizer on yield and yield components of sesame. In: Proceeding of 11st Iranian Crop Sciences Congress, 24-26 July 2010, Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran. (In Farsi)
16. Heidari, M., Nadeyan, H., Bakhshandeh, A. M., Alemisaeid, G. & Fathi, G. (2007). Effects of salinity and nitrogen rates on osmotic adjustment and accumulation of mineral nutrients in wheat. Journal of Soil and Water Science, 11(40), 193-211. (In Farsi)
17. Karami, A., Sepehri, A., hamzei, J. & Salimi, G. (2011). Effect of nitrogen and phosphorous biofertilizers on quantitative and qualitative traits of borage (Borago officinalis L.) under water deficit stress. Plant Production Technology, 11(1), 37-50. (In Farsi)
18. Koocheki, A., Tabrizi, L. & Ghorbani, R. (2008). Effect of biofertilizers on agronomic and quality criteria of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 6(1), 127-137. (In Farsi)
19. Kumar, V. & Singh, K. P. 2001. Enriching vermicomposting by nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Bioresource Technology, 76(2), 173-175.
20. Libster, M. (2008). Delmar's Integrative Herb Guide for Nurses. Oxford University Press, 408p.
21. Mahfouz, S. A. & Sharaf-Eldin, M. A. (2007). Effect of mineral vs. biofertilizer on growth, yield and essential oil content of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). International of Agro physics, 21, 361-366.
22. Moradi, R., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Nasiri Mahallati, M. & Lakzian, A. (2008). The effect of application of organic and biological fertilizers on yield, yield components and essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 7(2), 625-635. (In Farsi)
23. Ogbonnaya, C. L., Nwalozie, M. C., Roy-Macauley, H. & Annerose, D. J. M. (1998). Growth and water relations of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) under water deficit on a sandy soil. Industrial Crops and Products, 8, 65-76.
24. Omidbaigi, R. (2005). Production and processing of medicinal plants (4th ed.). Astan Gods Razavi publication. (In Farsi)
25. Patel, V. I., Saravaita, S. N., Arvadia, M. K., Chaudhari, J. H., Ahir, M. P. & Bhalerao, R. E. (2010). Effects of conjuctive use of bio-organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and economics of Rabi Fennel (Foeniculum vulgar Mill.) under south Gujarat conditions. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1, 178-181.
26. Ramroudi, M., Chezgim, M. & Galavi, M. (2017). Effect of methanol spraying on quantitative traits and osmatic adjustments in Moldavian (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) under low irrigation conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 48(1),149-158. (In Farsi)
27. Rezapor, A. R., Heidari, M. R., Galavi, M. & Ramrodi, M. (2011). Effect of water stress and different amounts of sulfur fertilizer on grain yield, grain yield components and osmotic adjustment in Nigella sativa L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 27(3), 384-396. (In Farsi)
28. Salehi, A., Ghalavand, A., Sefidkon, F., Asgharzade, A. & Saeedi, K. (2016). Effects of zeolite, bio and organic fertilizers application on the growth, yield and yield components of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) in organic cultivation. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 32(2), 203-215. (In Farsi)
29. Sanchez Govin, E., Rodriguez Gonzales, H., Carballo Guerra, C. & Milanes Figueredo, M. (2005). Influencia de los abonos orgánicos y biofertilizantes en la calidad de las especies medicinales Calendula officinalis L., Matricaria recutita L. Revista Cubana de Plantas Medicinales, 10 (1), 1- 5.
30. Sangtarash, M. H., Qaderi, M. M., Chinnappa, C. C. & Reid, D. M. (2009). Differential sensitivity of canola (Brassica napus) seedlings to ultraviolet-B radiation, water stress and abscise acid. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 66(2), 212-219.
31. Saravanakumar, D., Kavino, M., Raguchander, T., Subbian, P. & Samiyappan, R. (2011). Plant growth promoting bacteria enhance water stress resistance in green gram plants. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 33(1), 203-209.
32. Shubhra, K., Dayal, J., Goswami, C. L. & Munjal, R. (2004). Effects of water deficit on oil of Calendula aerial parts. Biologia Plantarum, 48(3), 445-448.
33. Singh, J. S., Pandey, V. C. & Singh, D. P., (2011). Efficient soil microorganisms: A new dimension for sustainable agriculture and environmental development. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 140, 339–353.
34. Soltani Gerdfaramarzi, M. K., Omidi, H., Habibi, H., Lebaschy, M .H. & Zarezadeh, A. (2011). The effects of glycine betaine and drought stress on yield, yield components and essential oil in German chamomile genotypes in Yazd region. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 27(2), 279-289. (In Farsi)
35. Tohidinia, M. A., Mazaheri, D., Bagher-Hosseini, S. M. & Madani, H. (2014). Effect of biofertilizer Barvar-2 and chemical phosphorus fertilizer application on kernel yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays cv. SC704). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 15(4), 295-307. (In Farsi)
36. Verma, J. P., Yadav, J., Tiwari, K. N. & Jaiswal, D. K. (2014). Evaluation of plant growth promoting activities of microbial strains and their effect on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in India. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 70, 33-37.
37. Yadav, R. D., Keshwa, G. L. & Yadav, S. S. (2002). Effect of integrated use of FYM, urea and Sulphur on growth and yield of isabgol (Plantago ovata). Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 25, 668-671.
38. Yordanov, I. & Tsonev, T. (2003). Plant responses to drought and stress tolerance. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, Special issue, 189-206.
39. Zand, A., Aroiee, H., Chaichi, M. R. & Nemati, S. H. (2017). Effects of bio-fertilizers on some physiological characteristics, essential oil percentage and yield of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) under deficit irrigation. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 32(1), 112-125. (In Farsi)
)