تأثیر کشت مخلوط بر کارآیی مصرف آب، عملکرد کمی و کیفی ارزن و سویا در رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 معاونت تحصیلات تکمیلی دانشگاه بو علی سینا همدان

2 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر کشت مخلوط بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی ارزن و سویا در رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری، آزمایشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا در سال 1394، به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. عامل اصلی رژیم‌های آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری پس از 60، 90 و 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر تجمعی آب از تشت تبخیر) و عامل فرعی الگوی کشت مخلوط جایگزینی در پنج سطح (33 درصد ارزن+ 67 درصد سویا (67 سویا: 33 ارزن)، 50 درصد ارزن+ 50 درصد سویا (50 سویا: 50 ارزن)، 67 درصد ارزن+ 33 درصد سویا (33 سویا: 67 ارزن) و تک‌کشتی سویا و ارزن) بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین غلظت فسفر دانه ارزن (35/0 درصد) در نسبت (50 سویا: 50 ارزن) در رژیم آبیاری 60 میلی‌متر تبخیر و کمترین میزان آن (12/0 درصد) در کشت خالص ارزن در رژیم آبیاری 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر، مشاهده شد. بیشترین غلظت فسفر دانه سویا (27/0 درصد) در نسبت (50 سویا: 50 ارزن) مشاهده شد که 4/14 درصد در مقایسه با کشت خالص سویا، بیشتر بود. غلظت فسفر و روغن دانه سویا در رژیم آبیاری 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر در مقایسه با رژیم آبیاری 60 میلی‌متر تبخیر به‌ترتیب 7/40 و 14/26 درصد کاهش یافت. کشت مخلوط غلظت پروتئین دانه ارزن را افزایش داد. کشت مخلوط کارآیی مصرف آب ارزن و سویا را افزایش داد. نسبت کاشت (50 سویا: 50 ارزن) در رژیم آبیاری 60 میلی‌متر تبخیر، بیشترین نسبت برابری زمین 14/1 را به خود اختصاص داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of intercropping on water use efficiency, yield quantity and quality of millet and soybean in irrigation regimes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Goudarz Ahmadvand 1
  • somayeh hajinia 2
1
2 PhD Student Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu Ali Sina, Iran
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effects of intercropping on yield quantity and quality of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in irrigation regimes, the experiment was carried out as a split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Station of Agricultural Faculty of Bu-Ali Sina University, 2015. The main factor included three levels of irrigation regimes (irrigation after 60, 90 and 120 mm cumulative evaporation from pan class A) and five levels of replacement intercropping consisted of monoculture of soybean, monoculture of millet, 67 % soybean+ 33 % millet (67Soybean:33Millet), 50 % soybean+ 50 % millet (50Soybean:50Millet) and 33 % soybean+ 67 % millet (33Soybean:67Millet) as subplot. The results showed that the highest grain phosphorus concentration of millet (0.35 percent) was obtained from (50Soybean:50Millet) ratio in irrigation regimes after 60 mm evaporation, and the lowest one (0.12 percent) was observed in monoculture of millet in irrigation regimes after 120 mm evaporation. The highest grain phosphorus concentration (0.27 percent) of soybean was observed in (50Soybean:50Millet) ratio, that was 14.4 percent, higher than monoculture of soybean. Grain phosphorus and oil content reduced in irrigation regimes after 120 mm evaporation were about 40.7 and 34.8 percent, respectively, compared to irrigation regimes after 60 mm evaporation. Intercropping increased protein content of millet. Intercropping increased the water use efficiency of soybean and millet. Maximum value of LER (1.14) was achieved in (50Soybean:50Millet) intercropping in irrigation regimes after 120 mm evaporation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • intercropping
  • Irrigation
  • Land equivalent ratio
  • Protein
  • Phosphorus
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