1دانشجوی دکتری گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل
2دانشیار گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل
3استاد گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل
4استادیار گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل
چکیده
چکیده به‌منظور شناسایی نواحی ژنومی اصلی و اپیستاتیک و اثر متقابل آن‌ها با محیط برای برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک و مورفولوژیک گندم، آزمایشی با 167 لاین خویش آمیخته نوترکیب به همراه والدین آن‌ها (‘‘Babax و ‘SeriM82’) در سال زراعی 95-1394 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی سیستان اجرا گردید. آزمایش در قالب دو طرح آلفا لاتیس با دو تکرار در دو شرایط نرمال و تنش گرمای انتهای فصل اجرا شد. صفات روز تا رسیدگی، دوره پر شدن دانه، حداکثر کارایی فتوسیستمII، پایداری غشاء سیتوپلاسمی، تعداد دانه در سنبله، عملکرد دانه و وزن هزار دانه اندازه‌گیری شدند. اثر ژنوتیپ برای کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه معنی‌دار بود و بیشترین میزان همبستگی بین عملکرد دانه و حداکثر کارایی فتوسیستمII (**86/0r =) مشاهده شد. تجزیه QTL به روش ترکیبی بر اساس مکان‌یابی فاصله‌ای مرکب (MCIM) انجام گرفت. برای صفات مورد مطالعه درمجموع سی QTL اصلی مکان‌یابی شد. واریانس فنوتیپی توجیه شده به‌وسیله این QTL ها از 04/7 درصد برای دوره پر شدن دانه تا 41/19 درصد برای وزن هزار دانه متغیر بود. مکان ژنی Qtgw7D درمجاورت نشانگر acc/cat-10 به‌عنوان یک QTL بزرگ اثر (41/19 R2 =) شناسایی شد و پس از تعیین اعتبار می‌تواند در گزینش به کمک نشانگر برای ایجاد ارقام گندم متحمل به گرما مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
Identification of genomic regions controlling physiological and morphological traits of bread wheat under terminal heat stress
نویسندگان [English]
Faramarz Sohrabi Chah Hassan1؛ Barat Ali Fakheri3؛ Nafiseh Mahdi Nezhad4؛
1Phd.student of Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
2Associate Professor Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
3Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
4Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
چکیده [English]
In order to identify genomic regions with main, epistatic, and QTL×environment interaction effects for some of the phenological and morphological traits in bread wheat, an experiment with 167 recombinant inbred lines and their parents (‘SeriM82’ and ‘Babax’) was conducted at Research Farm of the Agricultural Research Station of Sistan in 2015-16 cropping season. The experiment was carried out using two alpha lattice designs with two replications under non-stress and terminal heat stress conditions. Seven traits including days to maturity (DM), grain filling duration (GFD), maximum quantum efficiency of photosystemII (Fv/Fm), cytoplasmic membrane stability (CMS), grains per spike (GPS), grain yield (GY) and thousand grain weight (TGW) were measured. There were significant differences among the genotypes for all studied traits and maximum correlation was observed between GY and Fm/Fv (r = 0.86**). QTL analysis was conducted by Mixed-Model based composite interval mapping (MCIM) method. A total of 33 main-effect QTLs for studied traits were detected. Phenotypic variances explained by these QTLs varied from 7.04% for GFD to 19.41% for TGW. The major Qtgw7D (R2 = 19/41) was identified near the marker of acc/cat-10 and after validation can be used in marker-assisted selection (MAS) in order to produce heat tolerant wheat varieties.
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