تأثیر روش های مختلف خاک‌ورزی و تراکم‌ کاشت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام سویا (Glycine max) در کرج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو

2 استاد

3 دانشیار

4 استادیار

چکیده

چکیده:
به منظور بررسی تاثیرپذیری عملکرد دانه سویا نسبت به تراکم‌های مختلف کاشت بذر ارقام مختلف در سیستم‌های خاک‌ورزی متداول و حفاظتی، آزمایشی در مزرعه آموزشی و پژوهشی دانشگاه تهران در سال 1394 انجام شد. این آزمایش به صورت کرت‌های دوبار خردشده و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. عامل‌های مورد مطالعه شامل خاک‌ورزی در دو سطح (خاک‌ورزی رایج و بدون خاک‌ورزی)، به عنوان عامل اصلی، رقم در سه سطح (M9، Habbit و L17)، به عنوان عامل فرعی و تراکم کشت در سه سطح (30، 45 و 60 بذر در متر مربع)، به عنوان عامل فرعی فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد خاک‌و‌رزی تاثیر معنی‌داری روی صفات مورد بررسی نداشت و بیشترین تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در بوته، عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه از تراکم 45 بوته در متر مربع به دست آمد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه از رقم Habbit و سیستم بدون خاک‌ورزی به دست آمد که اختلاف معنی‌داری با رقم L17 و رقم M9 در سیستم خاک‌ورزی مرسوم و رقم M9 در سیستم بدون خاک‌ورزی نداشت. بیشترین تعداد غلاف در بوته از تیمار سیستم خاک‌ورزی مرسوم× رقم L17 × تراکم 45 بوته در متر مربع به دست آمد. ارقام مختلف مورد مطالعه در سیستم‌های مختلف شخم، واکنش‌های متفاوتی را از لحاظ صفات مورد اندازه‌گیری نشان دادند و این امر لزوم انتخاب رقم مناسب برای هر نوع روش خاک‌ورزی را مشخص می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Tillage systems and plant densities on yield and yield components of soybean cultivars in Karaj condition

چکیده [English]

Abstract
To study the effect of tillage systems and plant densities on yield and yield components of soybean cultivars, a field experiment as split split plot based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications was carried out at Research Field of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran in 2015. The main plots were two tillage systems level (Conventional and No-till), plant densities (30, 45 and 60 plants per m2), as sub plots and three soybean cultivars (M9, Habbit and L17), were assigned in sub sub-plots. Results showed that tillage system had no effect on studied traits and the maximum pod number, grain number per plant, biologic yield and grain yield were obtained from 45 plants per m2. Habbit cultivar under no tillage system showed the highest grain yield that had no significant difference with L17 and M9 cultivars under conventional tillage and M9 under no tillage system. Maximum pod number per plant was obtained under conditional tillage with 45 plants per square meter in the L17 cultivar. Different studied cultivars have different actions to kind of tillage systems and this result showed the importance of selection of suitable cultivar under different tillage systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Key words: Soybean
  • Tillage systems
  • Yield and Yield components

مراجع

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علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 49، شماره 2
مرداد 1397
صفحه 105-113

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 آذر 1396
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 مرداد 1397

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