تجزیه ساختار و تنوع ژنتیکی ارقام جو با استفاده از نشانگرهای اس.ان.پی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

جو یکی از مهم‌ترین گیاهان خانواده غلات است و از نظر اهمیت اقتصادی در مقام چهارم دنیا قرار گرفته است. وجود تنوع ژنتیکی اساس برنامه‌های اصلاحی است و برای بهبود گیاهان زراعی ضروری است. نشانگرهای اس.ان.پی به دلیل فراوانی زیاد در ژنوم یکی از بهترین نشانگرها برای مطالعه تنوع ژنتیکی و ساختار جمعیت است. در این مطالعه 100 رقم جو پاییزه با استفاده از 3964 نشانگر اس.ان.پی با MAF بیشتر از ده درصد مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. دامنه شاخص PIC در کل جمعیت از 0.19 تا 0.5 با میانگین 0.39بود. مقدار این شاخص برای اغلب نشانگرها (3352 نشانگر) بیشتر از 0.25 بود. میانگین شاخص PIC بر روی کروموزوم‌های مختلف از 0.37 (کروموزوم‌های شماره 2 و 5) تا 0.42(کروموزوم‌های شماره 3 و 7) متغیر بود. تعیین ساختار جمعیت نشان داد که ژنو تیپ‌ها بر اساس نشانگرهای مورد استفاده در دو زیرگروه قرار می‌گیرند که با مورفولوژی دوردیفه یا شش ردیفه بودن سنبله مطابقت داشت. تجزیه واریانس مولکولی و تعیین شاخص Fst در نواحی از ژنوم که باعث تمایز دو زیرجمعیت شده‌اند، نشان داد این مناطق ژنومی با ژن‌های کنترل‌کننده مورفولوژی سنبله هم‌مکان هستند. میانگین عدم تعادل لینکاژی با افزایش فاصله ژنتیکی کاهش یافت و در داخل زیرگروه‌ها بیشتر از عدم تعادل موجود در کل جمعیت بود. عدم تعادل ژنتیکی در ارقام شش ردیفه نسبت به ارقام دو ردیفه روند کاهشی سریع‌تری داشت. این پژوهش نشان داد تنوع ژنتیکی قابل ملاحظه‌ای در ارقام جو پاییزه وجود دارد و می‌توان از آن در برنامه‌های اصلاحی استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Based on SNP Markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Ataei
  • Majid Gholamhoseini
  • Hossein Ahmadi
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Barley is a major crop and the fourth most important cereal in the world. Genetic diversity is a basic component in breeding programs and is crucial for successful barley improvement. SNPs are a good marker type to study diversity. SNPs represent the most abundant source of genetic variation within the genome and are linked to heritable differences between individuals. in this study we used diverse collection of 100 winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to assess genetic diversity and population structure. Population was genotyped using 3964 SNPs with minor allele frequencies (MAFs) more than 10 percent. PIC was ranged from 0.19 to 0.5 in the whole panel and it was more than 0.25 for 3352 markers. The average of PIC was varied from 0.37 (2H and 5H chromosomes) to 0.42 (3H and 7H chromosomes). strong population structure effect related to ear row number (two-row and six-row) was present in our barley collection. AMOVA analysis and Fst index showed that differentiated regions of genome are correspondence with ear row number loci. In the whole genome, average linkage disequilibrium (LD) was observed to decay at 4cM and in sub populations was more than whole panel. LD decay was more rapid in six-row cultivars compared to two-row. These results indicated considerable genetic variation in winter barley collection and could be used in barley improvement programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genetic diversity
  • Population structure
  • Linkage Disequilibrium
  • SNP
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دوره 49، شماره 2
مرداد 1397
صفحه 35-59
  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 مرداد 1397