صفات مهم در گزینش جمعیت‌های سورگوم جارویی برای عملکرد جارو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی هفت توده‌ بومی سورگوم جارویی و تعیین صفات موثر در گزینش ژنوتیپ‌های برتر از نظر عملکرد جارو، آزمایشی طی دو سال‌ زراعی 1393 و 1394 در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان‌شرقی اجرا شد. تجزیه واریانس داده‌های اندازه‌گیری شده مربوط به جمعیت پایه در سال 1393 نشان داد که بین جمعیت‌های مورد مطالعه از نظر اکثر صفات مورد ارزیابی اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود دارد. در جمعیت حاصل از ژنوتیپ‌های برتر، در میانگین بسیاری از صفات نسبت به جمعیت پایه اختلاف معنی‌دار مشاهده گردید. بیشترین و کمترین برآورد وراثت پذیری به ترتیب با 89 و 41 درصد برای صفات قطر ساقه و تعداد برگ برآورد شد. تجزیه علّیت در مرحله پس از برداشت، نشان داد که صفات وزن تر ساقه، طول برگ پرچم و قطر پدانکل، اثرات مستقیم معنی‌داری بر عملکرد پانیکول دارند که وزن تر ساقه را می‌توان به عنوان مهم‌ترین صفت در گزینش عملکرد جارو تلقی نمود. در تجزیه علّیت برای عملکرد پانیکول در شرایط قبل از برداشت از مزرعه و بدون نیاز به اندازه‌گیری وزن ساقه و طول پانیکول و قطر پدانکول، بیشترین اثرات مستقیم به ترتیب با مقادیر 559/0، 231/0، 191/0 و 090/0 متعلق به صفات طول برگ پرچم، تعداد برگ، قطر ساقه و ارتفاع بوته بود. به نظر می‌رسد برای صرفه‌جویی در هزینه‌ها در مراحل اولیه گزینش و قبل از برداشت سورگوم جارویی از مزرعه، می‌توان از معیار طول برگ پرچم برای گزینش ژنوتیپ‌های برتر استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Important traits in broom sorghum selection for broom yield

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate seven native broom sorghum populations and determine effective traits on broom yield, an experiment was conducted in East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Tabriz, Iran, in 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons based on randomized complete block design. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among population in 2014 for most traits. The resulted population from selected genotypes had superiority in the mean of many traits. High and low heritability-%89 and %41 - was observed for shoot diameter and leaf number traits, respectively. Path analysis showed shoot fresh weight, flag leaf lengths and peduncle diameter traits had positive significant direct effect on panicle weight. It seems shoot fresh weight can be considered as very important traits in broom yield selection. Path analysis for panicle yield of broom sorghum in pre harvesting from farm or before flowering condition- no need to measure shoot weight, panicle lengths and peduncle diameter- indicated the most positive direct effect belonged to flag leaf lengths, leaf number, shoot diameter and plant height traits, 0.559, 0.231, 0.191 and 0.090, respectively. Therefore, it seems in the early stages of selection and to save cost in plant breeding projects, flag leaf lengths can be considered as a practical index for selecting promising broom sorghum genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Broom sorghum
  • heritability
  • Path analysis
  • Regression

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فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 آبان 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 فروردین 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 30 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اسفند 1396

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