اثر پیش‏کاشت گیاه پوششی و کاربرد نیتروژن بر برخی صفات کیفی و عملکرد ارقام ذرت علوفه‏ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مدیر شرکت خصوصی

2 دانشجو دکتری-پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی

3 3. استادیار و عضو هیئت علمی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج.

4 4. استاد و عضو هیئت علمی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج.

چکیده

به‏منظور بررسی اثر پیش‏کاشت گیاه پوششی و کاربرد نیتروژن بر برخی صفات کیفی و عملکرد ارقام مختلف ذرت علوفه‏ای آزمایشی در دانشگاه تهران به صورت کرت‏های دو بار خرد‏شده در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. عوامل مورد بررسی شامل پیش‏کاشت ماشک به عنوان کرت اصلی در سه سطح (آیش (نکاشت)، کشت ماشک به‏عنوان علوفه و کشت ماشک به‏عنوان کود سبز)، کود نیتروژن به عنوان کرت فرعی در سه سطح (صفر، 50 و 100 درصد مقدار توصیه‏شده) و رقم ذرت علوفه‏ای به عنوان کرت فرعی‏فرعی در دو سطح (رقم سایمون و ZP677) بودند. صفات مورد بررسی شامل درصد قابلیت هضم ماده خشک (DMD)، کربوهیدرات‏های محلول در آب (WSC)، پروتئین خام (CP)، فیبر خام (CF)، خاکستر، NDF، ADF، عملکرد پروتئین (Kg/ha) و عملکرد ماده خشک (Kg/ha) ذرت علوفه‎ای بودند. نتایج نشان داد که نکاشت ماشک (12/32) نسبت به تیمارهای کود سبز (68/28) و علوفه (08/31) تأثیر قابل‏توجهی بر درصد WSC داشت. بیش‏ترین و کم‏ترین درصد ADF به ترتیب در کود سبز (87/22) و آیش (99/15) مشاهده شد. کود سبز و آیش به ترتیب بیشترین (87/35) و کم‏ترین (45/31) تأثیر را روی درصد NDF داشتند. درصد NDF در 50% مقدار توصیه‏شده کود اوره‏ بیشترین (41/35) و در صفر درصد اوره کم‏ترین (72/31) میزان داشت. بیش‏ترین (09/35) و کم‏ترین (17/32) درصد CF به ترتیب در اثر متقابل رقم ZP677 × پیش‏کشت ماشک به‏عنوان علوفه و اثر متقابل رقم سایمون × آیش حاصل شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of cover crop pre-planting and nitrogen application on some qualitative traits and yield of forage corn varieties

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farhad Bayat 2
  • hosyin moghsdsm 3
1
2 Student
3 tehran university
4
چکیده [English]

evaluate the effect of pre-planting cover crop and nitrogen application on some qualitative traits and yield of two forage maize varieties, an experiment was conducted at Tehran University to form of split plot in a randomized complete block design in three replications. Assessed factors included pre-planting vetch as main plots in three levels (fallow (or not Planting), planting of vetch as fodder and planting of vetch as green manure), nitrogen fertilizers as sub plots at three levels (zero, 50 and 100 percent of the recommended amount) and maize varieties as sub-sub plots at two levels (Simon and ZP677 var.), respectively. The studied traits consisted of percent of dry matter digestibility (DMD), water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ash, NDF, ADF, protein yield (Kg/ha) and dry matter yield (Kg/ha) of forage maize. The results showed that the fallow treatment had significant effect on WSC% in comparison with green manure and fodder maize. The highest and lowest percent of ADF were observed in green manure and fallow respectively. Green manure and fallow had the highest and the lowest impact on NDF percent, respectively. NDF percent in 50% of recommended urea was the highest and zero percent of urea was the lowest. The highest and lowest percentage of CF was obtained in interaction ZP677 cv × pre-plant vetch as fodder and fallow × Simon cv respectively. In relation to the protein yield, interaction green manure × %100 urea and fallow × %0 urea had the highest and lowest amount respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Double cropping
  • Green manure
  • forage quality
  • Chemical Fertilizer

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 اردیبهشت 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 خرداد 1396
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اسفند 1396

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