تاثیر کاربرد مایکوریزا و برادی ‌ریزوبیوم بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سویا در مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، دکترای اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی

2 دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد مایکوریزا و برادی‌ریزوبیوم بر عملکرد سویا در سطوح مختلف نیتروژن استارتر، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در بهار و تابستان سال 1394 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینای همدان انجام شد. کود استارتر در سه سطح 0، 30 و 60 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن، برادی رایزوبیوم در دو سطح مصرف و عدم مصرف و مایکوریزا (Glomus mossea) نیز در دو سطح مصرف و عدم مصرف، فاکتورهای این آزمایش بودند. نتایج نشان داد که ارتفاع بوته، تعداد برگ در بوته، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه، عملکرد زیستی و درصد کلونیزاسیون مایکوریزایی به طور معنی‌داری تحت تاثیر برهمکنش عوامل مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بیشترین تعداد غلاف در بوته از ترکیب تیماری 30 کیلوگرم نیتروژن با برادی ریزوبیوم بدست آمد؛ همچنین هر دو کود زیستی توانستند تعداد غلاف در بوته را افزایش دهند. بیشترین وزن هزار دانه نیز از تلقیح همزمان گیاهان با برادی ریزوبیوم و مایکوریزا در عدم مصرف نیتروژن بدست آمد. مصرف 60 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن، کاهش 22/20 درصدی کلونیزاسیون مایکوریزایی را نسبت به عدم مصرف کود استارتر در پی داشت. مصرف همزمان برادی ‌ریزوبیوم و مایکوریزا در سطح30 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار، بیشترین عملکرد دانه (67/511 گرم در مترمربع) و عملکرد زیستی (16/1223 گرم در مترمربع) را تولید نمود. بنابراین مصرف 30 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن استارتر به همراه کاربرد همزمان برادی ‌ریزوبیوم و مایکوریزا، ضمن تولید عملکرد بالا، کاهش مصرف کود شیمیایی نیتروژن را در پی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of mycorrhiza and bradyrhizobium on yield and yield components of soybean in different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ali Aboutalebian 1
  • Masoumeh Malmir 2
1 Bu Ali Sina University
2 Bu Ali Sina University
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of mycorrhiza and bradyrhizobium on yield and yield components of soybean under different amounts of starter nitrogen fertilizer, a field experiment was conducted at the agricultural research station, Bu-Ali Sina University in 2015 growing season. A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was arranged with three replications. Experiment factors included three levels of starter nitrogen fertilizer including 0, 30 and 60 kg ha-1, bradyrhizobium including inoculated and non-inoculated and mycorrhiza including application and non-application. Results indicated that plant height, number of leaves per plant, yield and yield components and biological yield of soybean and mycorrhizal colonization percentage affected by interaction of studied factors. At all levels of starter nitrogen, interaction between bradyrhizobium and mycorrhiza increased number pod per plant and 1000 seed weight. Application of 60 kg ha-1 nitrogen decreased colonization percentage by 20.22 % compared to no application nitrogen treatment. Application of both bio-fertilizers with 30 kg ha-1 nitrogen gave the highest grain and biological yields (511.67 g m-2 and 1223.16 g m-2 respectively). So to improve soybean performance and reduce the nitrogen fertilizer consumption, it is recommended that both fertilizers to be taken simultaneously with 30 kg ha-1 nitrogen as starter.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bio-fertilizer
  • Colonization percentage
  • 1000 Seed Weight

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 26 دی 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اسفند 1396

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