تأثیر شوری و دما بر جوانه‌زنی بذر گیاه دارویی بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 استادیار، علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه تهران پردیس ابوریحان

4 استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی تأثیر شوری و دما بر ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی بذرهای بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis L.) آزمایشی در دماهای 20، 23، 25، 27، 30 و 32 درجۀ سلسیوس و پتانسیل‌های شوری 0، 2/0-، 4/0-، 6/0- و 8/0- مگاپاسکال در آزمایشگاه بذر پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران در سال 1393 به‌صورت آزمایش تجزیۀ مرکب در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در چند مکان انجام گرفت. در هر سطح دمایی با افزایش غلظت نمک از جوانه‌زنی کاسته شد. حد آستانۀ تحمل به شوری جوانه‌زنی بذر بادرنجبویه، 132/0- مگاپاسکال برآورد شد. برای به دست آوردن دماهای مهم (کاردینال) جوانه‌زنی از مدل دوتکه‌ای استفاده شد. دمای کمینه (پایه)، دمای بهینه (مطلوب) و دمای بیشینه (سقف) برای جوانه‌زنی بذر بادرنجبویه در شرایط نبود تنش شوری به ترتیب 30/17، 9/30 و 35 درجۀ سلسیوس به دست آمدند. منحنی واکنش دمای کمینه در مقابل پتانسیل شوری آب روند خطی افزایشی نشان داد و از میزان 17 درجۀ سلسیوس (شاهد) به حدود 23 درجۀ سلسیوس (8/0- مگاپاسگال) رسید. با افزایش شوری، میزان دمای کمینه، دمای بهینه و شمار ساعت زیستی (بیولوژیک) لازم برای جوانه‌زنی افزایش یافت. بنابر نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، گیاه بادرنجبویه در مرحلۀ جوانه‌زنی به تنش شوری حساس است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of salinity and temperature on germination responses of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Nozarpour 1
  • Reza Tavakkol afshary 2
  • Elias Soltani 3
  • Naser Majnon hoseini 4
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, Deaprtment of Crop Science, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Aboureihan Campus University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of salinity and temperature on seed germination characteristics of lemon balm (Mellissa officinalis L.) in various temperatures of 20, 23, 25, 27, 30 and 32ºC and water potentials of 0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa were used as treatments in Seed Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran in 2015. Data were analyzed using combined statistical design. Percentage of germination decreased as salinity increased at each level of temperature. Estimate of threshold point for salinity was -0.132 MPa. Segmented function was evaluated to describe cardinal temperatures. The base, optimum and ceiling temperatures of lemon balm were 17.30, 30.9 and 35ºC under optimum conditions of water potential, respectively. Response curve of the base temperature increased linearly from 17°C (control) to about 23°C (-0.8 MPa) by decreasing water potential. The base and optimum temperature and the biological time for germination were increased by increasing salinity. The results showed that Melissa officinalis L. is sensitive to salinity in germination stage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cardinal temperature
  • salinity tolerance threshold
  • Segmented function
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Water potential

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اسفند 1395

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