تأثیر پیش‌تیمار بذر بر سبز شدن و ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناختی ریشۀ کلزا در تاریخ‌های مختلف کاشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

2 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

3 استادیار پژوهشی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

چکیده

پیش‌تیمار (پرایمینگ) بذر یکی از روش­های بسیار مؤثر در بهبود فرآیند جوانه­زنی و استقرار گیاهچه در شرایط محیطی تنش­زا است. به‌منظور بررسی اثر پیش‌تیمار بذر بر ویژگی‌های سبز شدن و رشد ریشۀ سه رقم کلزا آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده (اسپلیت پلات) ‌فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. کرت­های اصلی شامل پنج تاریخ­ کاشت با فاصله‌های ده روز و کرت­های فرعی نیز شامل سه رقم کلزا و سطوح پیش‌تیمار بذر شامل پیش‌تیمار با آب، سولفات‌روی و بدون پیش‌تیمار بود. نتایج نشان داد بالاترین سرعت سبز شدن در رقم اُکاپی و پیش‌تیمار با سولفات‌روی بود که توانست به‌طور میانگین در همۀ تاریخ­های کاشت آن را 32 درصد افزایش دهد. بیشترین وزن تر و خشک ریشه در هر سه رقم مربوط به نخستین تاریخ کاشت، 15شهریور بود. تاریخ کاشت 24 مهر توانست با پیش‌تیمار با آببآب (هیدروپرایمینگ) و پیش‌تیمار با سولفات‌روی به ترتیب 7 و 10 درصد در رقم اُکاپی، 18 و 23 درصد در رقم زرفام و 32و 35 درصد در رقم طلائیه نسبت به تیمار بدون پیش‌تیمار بذر آن‌ها سبب افزایش طول ریشه شود. حجم ریشۀ رقم اُکاپی در تاریخ­های 4، 14 و 24 مهر به ترتیب 38، 61 و 71 درصد در تیمار پیش‌تیمار با آب و به ترتیب 51، 67 و 47 درصد با پیش‌تیمار با سولفات‌روی نسبت به تیمار بدون پیش‌تیمار برتری نشان داد. بالاترین سطح ریشه در تاریخ­های 15و 25 شهریور در هر سه رقم تحت پیش‌تیمار با سولفات روی به دست آمد. باوجود کاهش قطر ریشه در اثر تأخیر کاشت ولی پیش‌تیمار بذر به‌خوبی توانست قطر ریشه را نسبت به تیمار بدون پیش‌تیمار بذر در همۀ تاریخ‌های کاشت جبران کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of seed priming on emergence and root morphological characteristics of canola at different sowing dates

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Aboutalebian 1
  • Shahram Nazari 2
  • Farid Golzardi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Ph. D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Iran
چکیده [English]

Seed priming is a method which is effective in improving germination and seedling establishment under stress conditions. To investigate the effects of seed priming on emergence and morphological characteristics of root of three canola cultivars, an experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design in split plot with three replications. Main factors including five sowing dates with an interval of ten days and three canola cultivars and priming treatments including priming with water, zinc sulfate and control as sub plots were arranged in a factorial experiment. Results showed the highest emergence rate was achieved in Okapi by zinc sulfate priming with an average increase of 32 percent in all sowing dates. The most of the fresh and dry weight of three cultivars resulted from the first sowing date, 6 September. Sowing date October 16 under the hydropriming and primed with zinc sulfate increased root length by 7 and 10 percent in the Okapi, 18 and 23 percent in Zarfam and 32 and 35 percent in Talayeh compared with their controls, respectively. Root volume of Okapi on September 26, October 6 and 16, increased respectively 38, 61 and 71 percent in hydropriming and 51, 67 and 47 percent by priming with zinc sulfate compared with their control treatments. The highest root area on 6 and 16 September in all three cultivars was achieved by priming with zinc sulfate. Despite the decrease in root diameter of delay sowing date, priming treatments could increase root diameters compared with controls in each sowing date.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hydropriming
  • root volume
  • root area
  • Zinc sulfate

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 مهر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 بهمن 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 اسفند 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اسفند 1395

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