واکنش عملکرد تک بوتۀ سوخ، محتوای سبزینه و غلظت رنگیزه‌های نورساختی رقم‌های پیاز خوراکی (Allium cepa L.) به پیش‌تیمار و اندازۀ بذر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استاد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

3 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات زراعی باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی، تبریز، ایران

4 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی واکنش عملکرد تک بوته، محتوای سبزینه (کلروفیل) و غلظت رنگیزه‌های نورساختی (فتوسنتزی) برگ رقم‌های پیاز خوراکی به پیش‌تیمار و اندازۀ بذر، این پژوهش در دو سال زراعی (1391 و 1392) به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی اجرا شد. عامل‌های آزمایش شامل پیش‌تیمار (پرایمینگ) در چهار سطح پیش‌تیمار آبی (هیدرو پرایمینگ با آب مقطر، پیش‌تیمار اسمزی (اسموپرایمینگ) با نیترات پتاسیم، پیش‌تیمار با مادۀ فولامین 2 درصد و شاهد، اندازۀ بذر در سه سطح (ریز، متوسط و درشت) و رقم‌ در دو سطح (قرمزآذرشهر و زرقان) بود. ویژگی‌های عملکرد تک بوته، میزان سبزینه در مرحلۀ سوخ‌دهی و رسیدگی فیزیولوژیکی، سبزینۀ کل، سبزینۀ a، سبزینۀ b، کاروتنوئید و نسبت سبزینۀ  a/b بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که تأثیر پیش‌تیمار و اندازۀ بذر از نظر همۀ ویژگی‌های مورد بررسی از لحاظ آماری تفاوت معنی‌دار نشان داد. نتایج نشان داد که پیش‌تیمار بذر موجب بهبود ویژگی‌های عملکرد تک بوته، محتوای سبزینه و غلظت رنگیزه‌های نورساختی برگ شد به‌طوری‌که بیشترین عملکرد تک بوته، سبزینه‌های a، b و نسبت سبزینۀ  a/b به‌ترتیب 85/195 گرم، 48/33، 79/7 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تازه و 3/4‌ به پیش‌تیمار با مادۀ فولامین تعلق داشت و کمترین آن‌ها از تیمار شاهد به‌دست آمد. همچنین مقایسۀ میانگین‌ها نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد تک بوته، سبزینه‌های a، b و نسبت سبزینۀ a/bبه‌ترتیب 66/180 گرم، 60/21، 20/7 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تازه‌ و 9/3 از بذرهای درشت و کمترین آن‌ها از بذر ریز به‌دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of bulb yield per plant, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic pigments concentration of onion (Allium cepa L.) genotypes to priming and seed size

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mousa Izadkhah Shishvan 1
  • Mahdi Tajbakhsh Shishvan 2
  • Bahmam Pasbaneslam 3
  • Jalal Jalilian 4
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Iran
3 Associate Professors of Horticulture and Crops Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the response of bulb yield per plant, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic pigments concentration to priming and seed size of onion genotypesa field experiment was conducted in 2012 and 2013 cropping season at Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of East Azarbayjan, Iran. The experimental treatments included priming (at four levels: hydro priming, osmopriming (in %2 KNO3), priming with Folammin amino acid (in 2%) and control (without priming), seed size (at three levels: small, medium and large) and cultivars (at two levels: Red Azarshahr and Zargan). Following characteristics such as bulb yield per plant, chlorophyll content including: bulbing stage, physiological maturity stage, photosynthetic pigments concentration including: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b ratio of onion were studied. Analysis of variance of data showed that all studied characters were significant in 1% level of probability. Results showed that seed priming and seed size improved bulb yield per plant, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic pigments concentration characteristics. The highest bulb yield per plant, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a/b ratio were obtained from plant that primed with Folammin amino acid 195.85 (g), 33.48, 7.79 (mg/g.FW), 4.3, respectively and the lowest were achieved from control plants. Also mean comparison indicated that the higher values of bulb yield per plant, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a/b ratio were obtained from large seed size 180.66 (g), 21.60,7.20 (mg/g. FW), 3.9, respectively and the lower of it achieved from small seed size.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll a
  • chlorophyll b
  • carotenoid
  • Chlorophyll deficiency
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