بررسی همزیستی قارچ‌ریشه، کاربرد خاکی و محلول‌پاشی فلومیکس بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهرود

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهرود

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهرود

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کاربرد قارچ‌ریشة (میکوریزا) گونۀ Glomus mossea، محلول‌پاشی و کاربرد خاکی کود فلومیکس بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعۀ تحقیقاتی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود انجام شد. در این آزمایش همزیستی قارچ‌ریشه‌ای در دو سطح شامل همزیستی نکردن و همزیستی قارچ‌ریشه، محلول‌پاشی فلومیکس در سه سطح شامل بدون کاربرد، یک‌بار کاربرد و دو بار کاربرد و کاربرد خاکی فلومیکس شامل بدون کاربرد، یک‌بار کاربرد و دو بار کاربرد اعمال شد. نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس بیانگر افزایش معنی‌دار در سطح 1 درصد ویژگی‌های عملکرد زیست‌توده (بیوماس)، شاخص برداشت، شمار ردیف در بلال، وزن هزاردانه و درصد نیتروژن دانه تحت تأثیر همزیستی قارچ‌ریشه، محلول‌پاشی و کاربرد خاکی فلومکیس بود. همچنین اثر متقابل دوگانۀ محلول‌پاشی و کاربرد خاکی بر ویژگی‌های عملکرد دانه و شمار دانه در ردیف و همزیستی قارچ‌ریشه و محلول‌پاشی بر ویژگی عمق دانه معنی‌دار بود. بر پایۀ نتایج مقایسۀ میانگین‌ها تیمار محلول‌پاشی و یک‌بار کاربرد خاکی فلومیکس عملکرد دانه معادل 2090 کیلوگرم در هکتار تولید کرد. کمترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار شاهد معادل 1444 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. بیشترین عملکرد زیست‌توده مربوط به ترکیب تیماری کاربرد قارچ‌ریشه‌، دو بار محلول‌پاشی، یک‌بار کاربرد خاکی معادل 6557 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کمترین مقدار عملکرد زیست‌تودة مربوط به تیمار شاهد معادل 3190 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The study of mycorrhizal symbiosis, soil and foliar spray of flomix on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Abbasdokht 1
  • Ramin Jabbari 2
  • Ahmad Gholami 1
  • Hasan Makarian 3
1 Associate Professor, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran
2 M. Sc. Student , Shahrood University of Technology, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study of the interaction between mycorrhizae symbiosis, soil and foliar spary of Flomix on yield and yield components of corn (Zea may L.), a factorial experiment was carried out based on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in Agriculture Research Staion of Shahrood University of Technology in 2014. The treatments included mycorrhizae symbiosis at 2 levels (check and application of mycorrhizae), foliar spray at 3 levels (check, once sprayed and twice sprayed) and soil spray at 3 levels (check, once soil application and twice soil application). The results of variant analysis showed that interaction between mycorrhizae symbiosis, soil and foliar spray of Flomix significantly increased biological yield, harvest index, 1000-seed weight, grain nitrogen content, and number of row per ear traits. Also grain yield and number of seed per row was significantly affected by interaction between foliar spray and soil spray. In addition, interaction between mycorrhizae and foliar spray significantly affected on seed depth trait. Mean comparisons showed treatments combination of twice foliar spray+twice soil spray of Flomix increased seed per row and once foliar spray+twice soil spray of Flomix increased grain yield. According to the mean comparisons results, treatment combination of foliar spray + once soil spray flomix let to 2090 kg.h-1 grain yield. The lowest grain yield obtained from check treatment 1444 kg.h-1. The highest biological yield equivalent to 6557 kg.h-1 resulted from treatment combination of mycorrhizae symbiosis + twice foliar spray + once soil spray of flomix and the lowest biological yield equivalent to 3190 kg.h-1 obtained from chck treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corn
  • Foliar spray
  • mycorrhizae
  • Yield

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 دی 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 اسفند 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اسفند 1395

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