تأثیر سطوح مختلف شوری و دما بر فراسنجه‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر گیاه ﺑﺎﺑﻮنۀ آﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ (Matricaria recutita)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشتۀ علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشگاه گیلان، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشگاه گیلان، ایران

3 استاد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

4 دانشیار/دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف دما و شوری بر فراسنجه‌های جوانه‌زنی بابونۀ آلمانی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه زراعت دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان در سال1393 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل دماهای 5، 10، 15، 20، 25، 30 و 35 درجۀ سلسیوس و شوری شامل 0 (شاهد)، 4، 8، 12 و 16 دسی‌زیمنس ‌بر ‌متر بود. نتایج نشان داد که درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول ساقه‌چه، طول ریشه‌چه، یکنواختی ‌جوانه‌زنی، شاخص جوانه‌زنی، زمان تا 50 درصد جوانه‌زنی و زمان تا 90 درصد جوانه‌زنی به‌طور معنی‌داری ‌تحت تأثیر شوری، دما و اثر متقابل آن‌ها قرار گرفت. افزایش سطوح شوری به‌طور معنی‌داری باعث کاهش همۀ صفات مورد بررسی شد. در دماهای کمتر  از 15 درجۀ سلسیوس، درصد جوانه‌زنی به‌طور معنی‌داری پایین بود و همچنین در دمای 35 درجۀ سلسیوس هیچ‌گونه جوانه‌زنی مشاهده نشد. در همۀ سطوح شوری، بیشترین میانگین زمان جوانه‌زنی در دماهای پایین‌تر از 15 درجه به دست آمد. در دماهای مختلف، شاخص‌ جوانه‌زنی با افزایش سطوح شوری روند کاهشی داشت و بین تیمارهای شاهد (بدون تنش) و 4 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر، تفاوتی دیده نشد. در این آزمایش اثرگذری منفی شوری در دماهای کمتر از 20 درجۀ سلسیوس در مقایسه با دماهای بالاتر بر فراسنجه‌های جوانه‌زنی کمتر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different levels of salinity and temperature on seed germination parameters German Chamomile (Matricaria recutita)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Fatholahi 1
  • Gholamreza Mohsenabadi 2
  • Reza Tavakkol Afshari 3
  • elmira mohammadvand 4
1 M.Sc Student of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
3 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
4
چکیده [English]

To investigate effects of temperature and salinity different levels on germination parameters of German chamomile (matricaria chamomilla), an experiment carried out in complete randomized design as factorial with three replication in department of agronomy, college of agriculture on the University of Guilan, in 2014. Treatments were including temperature levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 OC) and different levels of salinity stress 0 (control), 4, 8, 12 and 16 dsm-1. Analysis of variance showed that treatments and their interaction had significant effect on germination rate, germination velocity, germination unity, germination index, time to 50% germination and time to 90% germination. Salinity stress decreased significantly all of germination traits. GR and GP were significantly decreased in lower temperature (≥15 OC), also had not germinated at 35 OC. Maximum of MTG in different salinity levels had occur in temperatures of lower of 15OC. GI had decreased with increasing of salinity levels and in all temperature levels, and had not significant difference between control and 4 dsm-1. In this experiment germination parameter more decreased in higher temperature levels (≤20 OC), with increasing of salinity levels. The levels of 15 and 20 OCdiscard significantly impact of salinity treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • germination parameters
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Stress tolerance
  • temperature

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 دی 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 آذر 1395

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