بررسی قابلیت کودی اندازة ذرات مختلف کمپوست تولیدی از زباله‌های خانگی شهر سنندج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج

2 مربی، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج

چکیده

در این پژوهش قابلیت (پتانسیل) کودی کمپوست تولیدی از زباله­های خانگی شهر سنندج با بررسی چگونگی توزیع عناصر سنگین، عناصر غذایی و شوری در اندازة ذرات مختلف بررسی شد. بنابراین سه نمونة تصادفی (هرکدام دارای 6 زیرنمونه) از کارخانة کمپوست­سازی شهر سنندج گردآوری و به روش الک خشک به 7 بخش یا جزء (فراکشن) یعنی 2<، 2-2/1، 2/1-8/0، 8/0-4/0، 4/0-2/0،2/0-1/0وmm  1/0> بخش­بندی شدند و خود نمونة اصلی به عنوان شاهد در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که به طور عموم با کاهش اندازة ذرات، میزان pH گرایش به کاهش داشته، اما دیگر پارامترهای مورد بررسی گرایش به افزایش داشتند. به گونه­ای که بیشترین میزان EC، Zn، Cu، Cd، Pb، Ni، Cr، Mn، N، P، Ca و K به ترتیب برابر با dSm-1 1/9، 4/714، 5/450، 2/4، 5/315، 1/55، 7/40،  ppm5/468، 3، 5/1، 9/6 و 9/0 درصد در کوچکترین بخش (mm 1/0>) به‌دست آمد. در حالی‌که کمترین میزان این پارامترها در درشت­ترین بخش (mm 2< ) به‌دست آمد. رویهم‌رفته نتایج نشان داد که ذرات mm 4/0> با میزان بالای عناصر سنگین و شوری و ذرات mm 2< با میزان بالای ناخالصی­ها (خرده‌شیشه، 2/21 برابر بیش از حد مجاز) مسئول کاهش کیفیت کمپوست مورد بررسی بوده که با جداسازی این ذرات می­توان کیفیت این کمپوست را به گونه‌ای چشمگیر بهبود بخشید و زمینة استفاده و باز چرخ سالم آن در کشاورزی را به‌وجود آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of fertilizing potential of different size fractions of municipal solid waste compost produced in Sanandaj City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahed Sharifi 1
  • Seyed Mohammad Taaher Hossaini 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Instructor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study fertilizing potential of municipal solid waste (MSW) compost was investigated by the distribution behavior of heavy metals, nutrient elements and salinity content among the different size fractions. Therefore, 3 compost samples (each composed of 6 subsamples) were collected from Sanandaj MSW Composting Plant. Then, the samples were physically divided into seven fractions of different particle size including >2, 1.2-2, 0.8-1.2, 0.4-0.8, 0.2-0.4, 0.1-0.2 and <0.1 mm, using dry-sieving process. The bulk sample was reserved as control. The results showed that by decreasing of particle size, pH values decreased, however, other surveyed parameters increased. The highest concentration of EC, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Mn, N, P, Ca and K was found in the finest fraction (<0.1 mm) with average values of 9.1 dSm-1, 714.4, 450.5, 4.2, 315.5, 55.1, 40.7, 468.5 ppm, 3.0, 1.5, 6.9 and 0.9 % respectively, whereas the lowest concentration were found in the coarsest fraction (>2 mm). Overall, the results suggest that the size fractions less than 0.4 mm with highly heavy metals and salinity content and size fractions more than ­2­ mm with high impurity (glass, 21.2 times over the permissible limit) were responsible for lowering the quality of the produced compost, thus, removal of selected fractions particle size could significantly improve the compost quality and allowed us to use and its safe recycle in agriculture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heavy metals
  • impurities
  • MSW compost
  • salinity
  • size fractions

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 بهمن 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 تیر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 مرداد 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1394

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