تجزیة نمودار دووجهی تلاقی‌های دی‌آلل و ارزیابی دورگ برتری گندم نان (Triticum aestivum L.) در دو محیط عادی و تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، اصلاح‌نباتات، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشیار اصلاح‌نباتات، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

شوری یکی از تنش‌های غیرزیستی است و تعیین قابلیت و توان دورگ‌ها در گیاهان می‌تواند برای افزایش عملکرد و  تحمل به تنش شوری، استفاده شود. در این تحقیق نتاج به‌دست‌آمده از تلاقی رقم‌ها، فلات، بم، قدس، روشن، ارگ، کویر و پیشتاز در یک طرح دی‌آلل 7 × 7 کامل در شرایط عادی (نرمال) و تنش شوری در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در شهرستان یزد اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیة دورگ برتری (هتروزیس) و نگاره‌ای (گرافیکی) با استفاده از روش GGE biplot در این تحقیق نشان داد که برای صفات عملکرد و وزن زیست‌توده، وراثت‌پذیری خصوصی و عمومی بالا و همچنین توان دورگ تلاقی‌ها در دو شرایط به ویژه در شرایط تنش شوری وجود دارد. برای صفات عملکرد و وزن زیست‌توده در شرایط تنش، نمودار دووجهی (بای‌پلات)، دو گروه دورگ برتر (هتروتیک) متفاوت تشکیل شدند. دامنة دورگ برتری در شرایط عادی برای صفت عملکرد از 5/18- تا 1/24 درصد و در شرایط تنش از 3/21- تا 1/60 درصد بود. همچنین دامنة دورگ برتری در شرایط عادی برای وزن زیست‌توده از 2/22- تا 5/16 درصد و در شرایط تنش شوری از 7/19- تا 3/55 درصد بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که تلاقی‌های معنی‌داری برای درصد دورگ برتری مثبت و منفی در شرایط تنش شوری برای صفات مورد بررسی بود. درصد دورگ برتری بالا و همچنین وراثت‌پذیری خصوصی و عمومی بالای صفات عملکرد دانه و وزن زیست‌تودة گندم گویای این بود که امکان گزینش و دستیابی به ژنوتیپ‌های برتر همراه با تثبیت توان نسبی دورگ از بین نتاج با استفاده از روش‌های گزینش در شرایط تنش شوری وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biplot and heterosis analysis for diallel crosses of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under normal and salt-stressed environments

نویسندگان [English]

  • Omid Ali Akbarpour 1
  • Hamid Dehghani 2
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Salinity is one of the abiotic stresses and exploitation of heterosis could increase the crop yield and extend the stress tolerance, especially in salinity stress. In this research, a set of full diallel design involving 7×7 crosses from cultivars including Flat, Bam, Ghods, Roshan, Arg, Kavir and Pishtaz were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications under both normal and salt stress conditions in Yazd, Iran. The results of heterosis and graphical analyses using GGE biplot approach indicated high narrow and broad sense heritabilites and heterosis of crosses for yield and biomass traits, especially in saline condition. Graphical biplot determined two different heterotic groups for yield and biomass characteristics in saline condition. The ranges of heterosis for yield trait were between -18.5 to 24.1% in normal condition and -21.3 to 60.1% in saline condition, respectively. Also, the ranges of heterosis for biomass were between -22.2 to 16.1 % in normal condition and -19.7 to 55.3 % in saline condition, respectively. The results of this research showed that under saline conditions there were significant crosses for negative and positive heterosis for studied trait. High heterosis and great narrow and broad sense heritabilites for yield and biomass traits indicated that finding a better line along with a fixed relative heterosis is possible using selection methods from the progenies in saline condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biomass
  • Biplot
  • field
  • yield

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 خرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 مهر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1394

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