تأثیر تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی نانواکسید آهن بر عملکرد دانه، محتوای یونی و رنگدانه‌های نورساختی کنجد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهرود

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهرود

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی نانواکسیدآهن  بر عملکرد کنجد (رقم اولتان)، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های خردشده و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1393 در مزرعة دانشگاه شاهرود اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سه سطح تنش خشکی: 7= =W1شاهد، 12=W2 و 17W3=روز دور آبیاری به عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار سطح محلول‌پاشی نانواکسیدآهن: 0F1== شاهد، 5/0F2=، 1F3= و 5/1F4= کیلوگرم نانواکسیدآهن در 1000 لیتر آب به عنوان عامل فرعی لحاظ شدند. نتایج نشان داد اثر متقابل خشکی و نانو تأثیر معنی‌داری بر عملکرد دانه، زیست‌توده، هدایت روزنه‌ای، رنگدانة سبزینة (کلروفیل) b، کارتنوئید و درصد نیتروژن دانه داشت. بیشترین عملکرد دانه و زیست‌تودة تولیدی از تیمار W1F3، هدایت روزنه‌ای از تیمار W1F2، سبزینة b از تیمار W1F4، کارتنوئید برگ از تیمار W2F3 و درصد نیتروژن دانه از تیمار W3F3به‌دست آمد. در بین دیگر صفات، تنها شمار شاخة فرعی در بوته و غلظت پتاسیم دانه تحت تأثیر دو تیمار اصلی قرار گرفتند. اما شمار دانه و وزن دانه در کپسول تنها تحت تأثیر تنش خشکی واقع، با افزایش تنش از W1 بهW3   به ترتیب به میزان 3/12 و 7/27 درصد از آنها کاسته شدند. در این بین غلظت فسفر و پتاسیم برگ و نیز فسفر دانه تحت تأثیر هیچ‌کدام از تیمارها واقع نشدند. به‌طورکلی می‌توان گفت در شرایط تنش خشکی، محلول‌پاشی نانواکسید به میزان 1 کیلوگرم در 1000 لیتر آب می‌تواند تا حدی مانع تأثیر سوء خشکی بر عملکرد کنجد شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of drought stress and foliar application of iron oxide nanoparticles on grain yield, ion content and photosynthetic pigments in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Goleg 2
  • Hadi Ghorbani 1
  • Mehdi Baradarn Firozabadi 1
1 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahrood, Iran
2 M. Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahrood, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effects of drought stress and foliar application of iron oxide nanoparticles on sesame plants, a field experiment was laid in Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahrood in 2014. The design of experiment was in split plot with blocks completely randomized in three replicates. Drought stress, W1=7, W2=12 and W3=17 irrigation time, were randomized in main plots with four concentrations of foliar application of iron oxide nanoparticles, F1 = 0, F2 = 0.5, F3 = 1 and F4 = 1.5 kg at 1000 l water, in sub-plots. Results showed that the interaction between drought stress andiron oxide nanoparticles had significant effect on grain yield, biomass, leafstomatal conductance, chlorophyll "b" and carotenoids content in leaves, and seed nitrogen. The results indicated that the highest grain yield and biomass were obtained at W1F3, stomatal conductance at W1F2, chlorophyll "b" at W1F4, carotenoids at W2F3 and seed nitrogen at the W3F3 treatments. Moreover, the number of branches per plant and the concentration of potassium in seeds were significantly affected by both treatments. However, phosphorus in seeds, and potassium and phosphorous in leaves remained unchanged under treatments. Number of seeds and seed weight per capsule decreased about 12.3 and 27.7%, respectively by worsening the drought condition from W1 to W3. In general, it can be stated that in the drought stress condition, foliar application of iron oxide nanoparticles about 1 kg per thousand liters of water improves the physiological characteristics of sesame and grain yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought stress
  • Nano-iron
  • nutrient elements
  • physiological parameters
  • sesame (oltan cultivar)

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 خرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 26 مرداد 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1394

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