بررسی ارتباط شاخص‌های تحمل به تنش شوری با چند صفت فیزیولوژیکی در گندم نان

راوری, سید ذبیح الله; دهقانی, حمید; نقوی, هرمزد

doi:10.22059/ijfcs.2015.55846

بررسی ارتباط شاخص‌های تحمل به تنش شوری با چند صفت فیزیولوژیکی در گندم نان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

² دانشیار گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

³ استادیار پژوهش مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان

10.22059/ijfcs.2015.55846

چکیده

افزایش میزان سدیم و کاهش میزان پتاسیم در اندام‌های گیاه و در نتیجه بهم خوردن تعادل یونی و سرانجام کاهش عملکرد گیاه از اثرگذاری‌های زیانبار شوری رشد و نمو گیاه است. این آزمایش به منظور بررسی تأثیر شوری بر 41 رقم گندم نان (Triticum aestivum L.) در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو شرایط آبیاری با آب کم شور و آب شور، به ترتیب 63/0و 8/11 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی کرمان اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین عملکرد، میزان سدیم، پتاسیم، نسبت آنها و حجم نسبی آب در برگ پرچم ارقام گندم در دو محیط تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود داشت. شاخص‌های میانگین عملکرد، میانگین هندسی عملکرد، میانگین همساز (هارمونیک) و تحمل به تنش محاسبه‌شده بر پایة عملکرد ارقام در دو محیط و باK⁺ وK⁺/Na⁺ در محیط شور همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار داشتند. ارقام گزینش‌شده بر پایة این شاخص‌ها دارای عملکرد بالا در هر دو محیط و کمترین میزان کاهش نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم و حجم نسبی آب برگ پرچم بودند. بنابراین بسته به مرحلة رشد گیاه می‌توان از هر کدام از این شاخص‌ها، شاخص‌های تحمل به تنش محاسبه‌شده بر پایة عملکرد و یا میزان سدیم، پتاسیم، نسبت آنها و حجم نسبی آب برگ پرچم، برای گزینش ارقام متحمل به شوری استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.20084811.1394.46.3.8.6

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of relationship between salinity stress tolerance indices and some physiological traits in bread wheat

نویسندگان [English]

Seid Zabihallah Ravari ¹
Hamid Dehghani ²
Hormozd Naghavi ³

¹ Ph. D. Studednt, Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, TarbiatModaresUniversity, Tehran, Iran

² Associate Professor, Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, TarbiatModaresUniversity, Tehran, Iran

³ Assistant Professor, Faculty member of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Kerman, Iran

چکیده [English]

The deleterious effects of salinity on plant growth and development are associated with the imbalance ion in plant, decreased K⁺ and increased Na⁺, and ultimately yield loss. In order to evaluate the effects of salinity, 41 bread wheat varieties (Trticum aestivum L.) were planted in the randomized complete block design with three replications under two saline irrigation conditions, 0.631 and 11.8 dS/m, in Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Kerman, Iran. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of salinity on the grain yield, the content of sodium, potassium, the ratio of this two ions and relative water content (RWC) in flag leaf of the genotypes was significant. The indices of mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), harmonic mean (HM) and stress tolerance index (STI) were calculated based on grain yield evidence positive significant correlation with Yp (yield in non-stress conditions), Ys (yield in stress conditions) and Na⁺ and K⁺ / Na⁺ in stress conditions. Varieties were selected based on these indices had high performance in both environments. These varieties had the lowest reduction in K⁺ / Na⁺ and RWC. Each of these indicators, tolerance indicators or the amount of Na⁺, K⁺, K⁺/Na⁺ and RWC, can be used to select tolerant varieties depending on the plant growth stage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

potassium
sodium
tolerance mechanisms
tolerance indices

مراجع

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