بررسی صفات مرتبط با عملکرد ژن‌نمون‌های گندم نان در شرایط آبیاری معمول و تنش آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان

2 دانشیار، عضو هیأت علمی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه و دانشیار، عضو هیأت علمی گروه پژوهشی بیوتکنولوژی مقاومت به خشکی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه

3 استادیار و مربی پژوهشی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه

4 استادیار، عضو هیأت علمی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی صفات مرتبط با عملکرد دانه در ژن‌نمون‌ (ژنوتیپ)های گندم نان، دویست رگۀ (لاین) گندم نان با منشأ مرکز تحقیقات بین‌المللی گندم و ذرت (CIMMYT) به صورت طرح مقدماتی (آگمنت) با چهار رقم شاهد در ده بلوک طی سال زراعی 1388-89 در شرایط تنش و آبیاری معمول (نرمال) کشت و ارزیابی شدند. براساس تجزیۀ رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام در شرایط تنش و بدون تنش آبی به‌ترتیب پنج و چهار صفت با ضریب‌های تبیین 41درصد و 38درصد وارد مدل شدند. براساس ضریب‌های تجزیۀ علیت در شرایط تنش آبی، صفت روز تا ساقه‌دهی بزرگترین تأثیر مستقیم و منفی (369/0-) و وزن هزاردانه بزرگترین تأثیر مستقیم و مثبت (264/0) بر عملکرد دانه را داشتند. در شرایط بدون ​تنش آبی وزن هزاردانه بیشترین تأثیر مستقیم (434/0) بر عملکرد دانه را داشت که می‌تواند به‌عنوان معیار مناسبی در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی گندم برای گزینش  ژن‌نمون‌های برتر به‌کار رود. براساس تجزیه به عامل‌ها در شرایط تنش و بدون ​تنش آبی​ هشت عامل استخراج و به‌ترتیب درمجموع 96/67درصد و 43/69درصد از واریانس کل را تبیین کردند. براساس نتایج این تحقیق اجزای عملکرد دانه از جمله صفات  مهم و تأثیرگذار  بر  عملکرد دانه و از جمله  شاخص‌های مهم برای اصلاح ژن‌نمون‌های گندم نان به‌منظور دستیابی به ژن‌نمون‌هایی با عملکرد بهتر و مطلوب‌تر به شمار می‌آیند

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on traits related to yield in bread wheat genotypes under normal irrigation and water stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Akbarabadi 1
  • Danial Kahrizi 2
  • Abas Rezai Zad 3
  • Gholamhossein Ahmadi 3
  • Mokhtar Ghobadi 4
1 Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, and Associate Professor, Biotechnology Research Department for Drought Resistance, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Respectively, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Kermanshah, Iran
4 Assistance Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the yield component traits of grain in bread wheat genotypes, 200 lines of CIMMYT origin bread wheat were cultured and evaluated in augmented design by four control lines in ten blocks in 2010-2011 growing season. Using stepwise regression analysis, five and four traits entered to regression model under stress (R2 = 0.41) and normal (R2 = 0.38) conditions, respectively. Path analysis results showed that the traits day to stem (P= -0.369) and number seed per spike (P=0.264) had the highest direct effect on seed yield under stress and normal conditions, respectively. In normal conditions, the trait thousand seed weight (434/0) showed most direct effect of on the yield that could be used as a criterion in wheat breeding programs for selecting superior genotypes. Factors analysis in stress and non-stress conditions indicated eight factors justifying 67.96درصد and 69.43درصد out of total variance, respectively. Based on the survey results, grain yield is strongly affected by yield component traits and these traits are considered as an important measure for improving bread wheat genotypes in order to achieve better performance and more favorable genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • water stress
  • bread wheat
  • Path analysis and Factor analysis

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 دی 1392
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 مهر 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 دی 1393
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 تیر 1394

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