تأثیر تنش شوری بر صفات ریخت‌شناسی و فیزیولوژیک جمعیت رگه‌های نوترکیب جو حاصل از تلاقی ایگری × آریگاشار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه تهران و مربی پژوهشی مؤسسۀ تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیۀ نهال بذر

2 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

4 دانشیار، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی صفات ریخت‌شناسی (مورفولوژیک) و فیزیولوژیک مؤثر در مقاومت به شوری و ارتباط آنها با عملکرد دانه و نیز شاخص‌های تحمل و حساسیت به شوری در جو، 169 رگه (لاین) نوترکیب حاصل از تلاقی ایگری × آریگاشار، درقالب طرح آلفا لاتیس با دو تکرار به مدت دو سال (1390-1392) در ایستگاه  بیرجند در دو شرایط تنش شوری آب و خاک ( EC آب 10 و خاک 12 دسی زیمنس بر متر) و بدون تنش شوری مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفتند.  صفات روز تا سنبله‌دهی، روز تا رسیدن، طول سنبله، طول دم‌گل‌آذین یا ساق‌گل (پدانکل)، ارتفاع گیاه، محتوای سبزینه (کلروفیل)، میزان Na+ و K+  و K+/Na+  برگ پرچم، طول و عرض و سطح برگ پرچم، شمار دانه در سنبله، وزن هزاردانه، عملکرد زیستی (بیولوژیک)، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت و شاخص‌های مقاومت به شوری اندازه‌گیری و محاسبه شدند. تجزیۀ واریانس مرکب صفات مورد ارزیابی در دو شرایط، اثرگذاری‌های معنی‌دار برای سال، ژن‌نمون (ژنوتیپ) و سال × ژن‌نمون در اغلب صفات نشان داد. در بین صفات اندازه‌گیری‌شده در شرایط تنش شوری، صفات عملکرد زیستی، شمار دانه، شاخص برداشت، میزان Na+ و نسبت K+/Na+ ، وزن هزاردانه و در شرایط بدون تنش عملکرد زیستی، شاخص برداشت و سطح برگ پرچم بالاترین همبستگی را با عملکرد دانه نشان دادند. با توجه به میانگین عملکرد تحت تنش (Ys) و بدون تنش (Yp) و شاخص‌های تحمل و حساسیت به شوری (SSI، TOL، MP، GMP، STI و Harm) رگه‌ها در چهار دسته شاملٍ؛ توان‌بالقوۀ (پتانسیل) عملکرد متوسط و مقاوم به شوری، توان‌بالقوۀ عملکرد پایین و حساس به شوری، توان ‌بالقوۀ عملکرد بالا و حساس به شوری و توان ‌بالقوۀ عملکرد بالا و مقاوم به شوری گروه‌بندی شدند. شاخص‌های GMP و STI بیشترین همبستگی را با عملکرد دانه در شرایط تنش و بدون تنش و با یکدیگر نشان دادند و به‌عنوان بهترین شاخص‌های متحمل به شوری در نظر گرفته‌شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Salinity Stress on Morphological and physiological Traits of Recombinant Inbred Lines Population of Barley derived a cross between Arigashar×Igri

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Reza Nikkhah 1
  • Vali-Allah Mohammadi 2
  • Mohammad Reza Naghavi 3
  • Hassan Soltanloo 4
1 Ph. D. Student and Instructor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate effective morpho-physiological traits related to salinity resistance, and their relationship with grain yield as well as study of salinity tolerance and susceptibility indices in 169 barley recombinant inbred lines, a  population of barley derived from a cross between Arigashar and Igri, this experiments were carried out using alpha lattice design with two replications during years 2011 to 2013 in Birjand station under non-stress and salinity stress conditions (ECwater=10ds/m and ECsoil=12ds/m). During cropping seasons, lines were evaluated for morpho-physiological traits, day to heading, day to maturity, spike length, peduncle length, plant height, leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), flag leaf Na+ and K+ content and K+/Na+, flag leaf length, width and area, grains in spike, thousand kernel weight (TKW), biological yield (BY), grain yield (YLD),harvest index(HI) and salinity tolerance and susceptibility indices. Combined analysis of variance of studied traits in two conditions   revealed significant difference among years, genotype and genotype×years interaction. Under salinity stress conditions, biological yield, grains in spike, harvest index,  flag leaf Na+ content and K+/Na+ and thousand  kernel weight(TKW) and under non-stress conditions, biological yield, harvest index and flag leaf area have high association with grain yield. With regard to grain yield under salinity and non-stress conditions (Ys and Yp ) and tolerance and susceptibility indices(SSI, TOL, MP, GMP, STI and Harm), liens were grouped in four classes,  including: a) semi-high-yielding and salinity tolerance, b) low-yielding and salinity susceptibility c) high-yielding and salinity susceptibility, and d) high-yielding and salinity tolerance.GMP and STI indices had the highest correlation with grain yield under stress and non-stress conditions, and selected as the best salinity tolerance indices.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Barley
  • Salinity stress
  • yield
  • K+/Na+
  • Physiological traits
  • tolerance and susceptibility indices
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