اثر تنش شوری بر رشد و صفات فیزیولوژیکی در ژنوتیپ‌های نخود (Cicer arietinum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه بقولات، پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استاد فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 استادیار فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران،

چکیده

فشار بر منابع آبی باعث کاهش کیفیت در آب ‌شده و تنش شوری به چالش مهمی برای کشاورزی تبدیل ‌شده است. به‌منظور بررسی اثر تنش شوری بر رشد نخود مطالعه‌ای به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1399 در گلخانه اجرا شد. شوری در دو سطح (12 و
dSm-116) کلرید سدیم و شاهد dSm-15/0، در کرت‌های اصلی و 70 ژنوتیپ نخود در کرت‌های فرعی قرار گرفتند. چهار هفته پس از اعمال تنش و قبل از گلدهی در شوری 12 و dSm-116 به‌ترتیب 65 و 28 ژنوتیپ، از بقاء بین 100-76 درصد برخوردار بودند. در شوری dSm-112 با کاهش بقاء گیاهچه میانگین محتوای کل رنگ‌دانه‌های فتوسنتزی نیز کاهش یافت و بیشترین میانگین مربوط به دامنه ‌بقاء 100-76 درصد بود. در شوری 12 و dSm-116 با کاهش درصد بقاء میانگین محتوای کربوهیدرات‌های محلول نیز کاهش یافت. با افزایش شوری از 12 به dSm-116 میانگین وزن خشک بوته در دامنه‌های بقاء 25-0، 50-26، 75-51 و 100-76 درصد به میزان 15، 11، 36 و 14 درصد کاهش یافت. با افزایش شوری از 12 به dSm-116 میانگین غلظت سدیم اندام هوایی در دامنه‌های بقاء 25-0، 50-26، 75-51 و 100-76 درصد به‌میزان 3، 10، 30 و 4 درصد افزایش یافت. در شوری dSm-112 ژنوتیپ MCC1484 و در شوری dSm-116 ژنوتیپ‌های MCC1467 و MCC1834 در بیشتر صفات موردمطالعه برتر از سایر ژنوتیپ‌ها بودند که می‌توان برای مطالعات تکمیلی از آن‌ها استفاده کرد. از طرفی نتایج تجزیه خوشه‌ای نشان داد که گروه سوم با 28 ژنوتیپ بیشترین میزان بقاء را دارا بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Salt Stress on Growth, Physiological Parameters in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzane Safdari 1
  • Jafar Nabati 2
  • Ahmad Nezami 3
  • Mohammad Javad Ahmadi Lahijani 4
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Agrotechnology , Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran,
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Legume, Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran,
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

The pressure on water resources has led to a decrease in water quality, and salinity stress has become a significant challenge for agriculture. In order to investigate the effect of salinity stress on chickpea growth, a study was conducted in a greenhouse at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2020. The study followed a split-plot design based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Salinity was applied to the main plots at two levels (12 and 16 dSm-1) of sodium chloride, and control 0.5 dSm-1 (tap water) was also used. Additionally, 70 chickpea genotypes were placed in the subplots. Four weeks after applying stress and before flowering in salinity levels of 12 and 16 dSm-1, 65 and 28 genotypes, respectively, had a survival rate of 76-00%. In the salinity level of 12 dSm-1, with a decrease in the survival rate, the average content of total photosynthetic pigments also decreased, and the highest average was related to the survival range of 100-76%. In salinity levels of 12 and 16 dSm-1, with a decrease in the survival rate, the soluble carbohydrates also decreased. With an increase in salinity from 12 to 16 dSm-1, shoot dry weight decreased by 15%, 11%, 36%, and 14% in the survival ranges of 0-25, 26-50, 51-75, and 76-100%, respectively. With an increase in salinity from 12 to 16 dSm-1, the sodium concentration increased by 3%, 10%, 30%, and 4% in the survival ranges of 0-25, 26-50, 51-75, and 76-100%, respectively. In the salinity level of 12 dSm-1, genotype MCC1484, and in the salinity level of 16
dSm-1, genotypes including MCC1467 and MCC1834 were superior to other genotypes in most of the studied traits, which can be used for further studies. On the other hand, cluster analysis results showed that the third group, with 28 genotypes, had the highest survival rate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Na
  • photosynthetic pigments
  • salinity
  • soluble carbohydrates
  • survival rate

مراجع

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علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 55، شماره 3
مهر 1403
صفحه 45-71

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 مهر 1403

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