بررسی تغییر شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه برنج (Oryza sativa L.) در مراحل مختلف رشد تحت تأثیر رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری در منطقه خوزستان، ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای زراعت. باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد دزفول، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دزفول، ایران.

2 مربی کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

3 استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

4 استاد، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، تخصص: زراعت

5 استادیار، اهواز بلوار گلستان مرکزتحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی/ برنج

6 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف تعیین نقش رژیم­های مختلف آبیاری بر عملکرد دانه و شاخص­های فیزیولوژیکی ژنوتیپ­های برنج هوازی در استان خوزستان به­مدت دو سال (1393 و 1394) طراحی و اجرا گردید. چهار رژیم آبیاری (1، 3، 5 و 7 روزه) درکرت‌های اصلی و 12 ژنوتیپ برنج در کرت‌های فرعی در سه تکرار قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه مرکب نشان داد که بین ژنوتیپ، رژیم آبیاری و اثر متقابل دو عامل در تمامی مراحل رشد صفات تفاوت معنی­داری در سطح یک درصد وجود داشت. نسبت وزن ساقه ( (SWRبا افزایش رشد نیز افزایش یافت، ولی از مرحله 100 روز پس از کاشت به بعد، به­دلیل نقش مؤثر ساقه به­خصوص در شرایط کاهش میزان آبیاری در انتقال مجدد، شاهد کاهش این صفت بودیم، ولی در صفات سرعت فتوسنتز خالص ((NARو وزن مخصوص برگ (SLW) به­دلیل سهم بیشتر برگ در اوایل رشد، روندی کاملاً عکس حالت قبلی را داشتیم. نسبت وزن برگ (LWR) نیز بنا به­دلیل اخیر، روندی کاملاً کاهشی از ابتدا تا پایان دوره رشد را دارا بود. با کاهش رژیم آبیاری، به­دلیل سایه­اندازی کمتر کانوپی، سرعت فتوسنتز خالص روند نزولی را طی کرد. بیشترین مقدار وزن برگ در رژیم­های آبیاری با تناوب پنج و هفت روزه مشاهده شد، ولی وزن ساقه در این رژیم­های آبیاری کاهش یافت. مکانیسم فرار از شرایط تنش­زا سبب کاهش دوره رشد با کاهش رژیم آبیاری شد. در نهایت پیشنهاد می­شود این آزمایش در رژیم­های آبیاری و ژنوتیپ­های دیگر نیز انجام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation on changes of growth indices of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in different growth stages under irrigation regimes in Khuzestan, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • kaveh Limouchi 1
  • fatemeh fateminick 2
  • Mehrdad Yarnia 3
  • Ataallah Siadat 4
  • Abdolali Gilani 5
  • Varahram Rashidi 6
1 Ph.D Agronomy. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran.
2 faculty of agronomy department of Payame noor university,Iran
3 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
4 Professor., University of Agricultural and Natural Resources of Ramin, Ahwaz, Iran.
5 Assistant Professor of Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Khozestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Ahwaz, Iran.
6 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to investigate the effect of irrigation regimes on grain yield and physiological indices of aerobic rice genotypes inKhuzestan province for two years (2014 and 2015). Four irrigation regimes (1, 3, 5 and 7 days) in main plots and 12 rice genotypes in sub-plots with three replications were considered. The combined analysis results showed that there were significant differences between genotypes, irrigation regimes and their interaction at all growth stages at 1%. SWR also increased with growth, but 100 days after planting due to the effective role of stem particularly in terms of reducing the amount of water, a decline was seen in this trait. By decreasing the irrigation regime due to less canopy shading, the NAR slowed down. The highest LWR were observed under 5- and 7-day in irrigation regimes, but SLW decreased in these irrigation regimes. The mechanism of escape from stressful conditions reduced the growth period by decreasing the irrigation regime. Finally, it is recommended that this experiment be carried out in irrigation regimes and other genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Irrigation regimes
  • LWR
  • NAR
  • SLW
  • SWR

مراجع

  1. REFERENCES

     

    1. Abdola, A. A. & Zarea, M. J. (2015). Effect of mycorrhiza and root endophytic fungi under flooded and semi-flooded conditions on grain yield and yield components of rice. Journal of Crop Production, 8(1), 223-230.
    2. Akbari, S., Kafi, M. & Rezvan Beidokhti, S. (2016). The effect of drought stress on Yield, yield components and anti-oxidant of two garlic (Allium sativum L.) ecotypes with different planting densities. Journal of Agroecology, 8(1), 95-106.
    3. Arvin, P. & Vafabakhsh, J. (2016). Study of drought and plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on radiation use efficiency and dry matter partitioning into pod in different cultivars of Brassica oilseed rape. Journal of Agroecology, 8(1), 134-152.
    4. Carmelita, M., Albertoa, R., Wassmanna, R., Hiranob, R., Miyatac, A., Hatanob, R., Kumara, A., Padrea, A. & Amante, M. (2011). Comparisons of energy balance and evapotranspiration between flooded and aerobic rice fields in the Philippines. Agricultural Water Management, (98), 1417–1430.
    5. Chowdhury, M. d. R., Kumar, V., Sattar, A. & Brahmachari, K. (2014). Studies on the water use efficiency and nutrient uptake by rice under system of intensification. Journal of Bioscan, 9(1), 85–88.
    6. Dong, N. M., Brandt, K. K., Sørensen, J., Hung, N. N., Hach, C. V., Tan, P. S. & Dalsgaard, T., (2012). Effects of alternating wetting and drying versus continuous flooding on fertilizer nitrogen fate in rice fields in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Soil Biology of Biochemical, 47, 166–174.
    7. Durand, M., Porcheron, B., Hennion, N., Maurousset, L., Lemoine, R. & Pourtau, N. (2016). Water deficit enhances C export to the roots in Arabidopsis thaliana plants with contribution of sucrose transporters in both shoot and roots. Journal of Plant Physiology, 170(1), 1460-1479.
    8. Dutta, R. K., Baset Mia, M. A. & Khanam, S. (2002). Plant architecture and growth characteristics of fine grain and aromatic rices and their relation with grain yield. Bangladesh Crop Physiology, 32, 95-102.
    9. Farrell, T. C., Fox, K. M., Williams, R. I., Fukai, S. & Lewin, L. G. (2004). How to improve reproductive cold tolerance of rice in Australia. International Rice Cold Tolerance Workshop Discovery, Canberra, 22-23 July.
    10. Ghasemi-Nasr, M., Karandish, F., Naft-Chali, A. D. & Mokhtasa-Bigdali, A. (2016). Effect of two periods of mid-season drainage on growth parameters of two rice varieties. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 29(4), 419-431.
    11. Ghosh, B. & Chakma, N. (2015). Impacts of rice intensification system on two C. D. blocks of Barddhaman district. West Bengal of Current Science, 109(2), 342-346.
    12. Horie, T., Yoshida, H., Shiraiwa, T., Nakagawa, H., Kuroda, E., Sasaki, T., Hagiwara, M., Kobata, T., Ohnishi, M. & Kobayashi, K. (2003). Analysis of benotype by environment interaction in yield formation processes of rice grown under a wide environmental range in Asia. 10. Asia Rice Network (ARICENET) research and preliminary results. JPN. Journal of Crop Science, 72(2), 88-89.
    13. Limouchi, K., Siadat, S. A. & Gilani, A. (2013). Sowing dates effect on yield and growth indexes of rice cultivars in northern Khozestan. Iranian society of Agronomy and plant breeding sciences, 6(2), 167-184 (In Farsi).
    14. Limouchi, K., Siadat, S. A. & Gilani, A. (2014). Effect of planting date on vejetatives growth and yield of three rice cultivares in north regions of Khuzestan. Agronomic Research in Semi Desert Regions, 11(1), 51-63 (In Farsi).
    15. Lu, J., Okawa, T. & Hirasawa, T. (2000). The effect of irrigation regimes on the water use, dry matter production and physiological responses of paddy rice. Plant & Soil, 223(1/2), 209-218.
    16. Mosavy, S. A., Khaledian, M. R., Ashrafzadeh, A. & Shahinrokhsar. P. (2016). Effects of limited irrigation on yield and water productivity increasing of three soybean genotypes in Rasht region. Journal of water research agriculture, 29(4), 433-446.
    17. Murchie, E., Jianchang, Y., Hubbart S., Horton, P. & Peng, S. (2002). Are there associations between grain filling rate and photosynthesis in the flag leaves of field grown rice. Journal of Exp Botany, 53(378), 2217-2224.
    18. Nehbandani, A., Soltani, A. & Darvishirad, P. (2016). Effect of terminal drought stress on water use, growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 7(23), 17-27.
    19. Pandey, A., Kumar, A., Pandey, D. S. & Thongbam, P. D. (2014). Rice quality under water stress. Indian Journal of Advances in Plant Research, 1(2), 23-26.
    20. Park, G. H., Kim, J. H. & Kim, K. M. (2014). QTL analysis of yield components in rice using a cheongcheong/nagdong doubled haploid genetic map. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5, 1174-1180.
    21. Salehifar, M., Rabiei, B., Afshar Mohammadian, M. & Asghari, J. (2014). Effect of IAA and kinetin application on plant characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in rice seedlings under drought stress condition. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 16(4), 293-307. (In Farsi).
    22. Sedaghat, N., Pirdashti, H., Asadi, R. & Mousavi-Taghani, Y. (2015). Effect of different irrigation methods on rice water productivity. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 28(1), 1-9.
    23. Shanmugasundaram, B. (2015). Adoption of system of rice intensification under farmer participatory action research programme (FPARP). Indian Research Journal of Ext Education, 15(1), 114-117.
    24. Sarayloo, M., Sabouri, H. & Dadras, A. R. (2015). Assessing genetic diversity of rice genotypes using microsatellite markers and their relationship with morphological characteristics of seedling stage under non- and drought-stress conditions. Cereal Research Communications, 5(1), 1-15. (In Farsi).
    25. Tan, X., Shao, D., Liu, H., Yang, F., Xiao, C. & Yang, H. (2013). Effects of alternate wetting and drying irrigation on percolation and nitrogen leaching in paddy fields. Paddy Water Environment, 11, 1–15.
    26. Tarlera, S., Capurro, M. C., Irisarri, P., Scavino, A. F., Cantou, G. & Roel, C. (2015). Yield-scaled global warming potential of two irrigation management systems in a highly productive rice system. Scientia Agricola, 73(1), 43-50.
    27. Tavala, R., Aalami, A., Sabouri, H. & Sabouri, A. (2015). Evaluation of haplotype and allelic diversity of SSR markers linked to major effect QTL on chromosome 9 controlling drought tolerance in rice. Journal of Cereal Research, 5(1), 107-119.
    28. Tuong, T. P., Bouman, B. A. M.  & Mortimer, M. (2005). More rice, less waterintegrated approaches for increasing water productivity in irrigated rice-based systems in Asia. Plant Production Sciences, 8, 231– 41.
    29. Tuyen, D. D. & Prasad, D. T. (2008). Evaluating difference of yield trait among rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) under low moisture condition using candidate gene markers. Journal of Omonrice, 16, 24-33.
    30. Uphoff, N., Kassam, A. & Thakur, A. (2013). Challenges of increasing water saving and water productivity in the rice sector: introduction to the system of rice intensification (SRI) and this issue. Taiwan Journal of Water Conserv, 61, 1–13.
    31. Wu, N., Guan, Y. & Shi, Y. (2011). Effect of water stress on physiological traits and yield in rice backcross lines after anthesis. Energy Procedia, 5, 255–260.
    32. Xu, L., Yu, J., Han, L. & Huang, B. (2013). Photosynthetic enzyme activities and gene expression associated with drought tolerance and post-drought recovery in Kentucky bluegrass. Environ Exp Bot, 89, 28– 35.
علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 3
آبان 1398
صفحه 31-49

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 22 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 آبان 1398

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار