ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی توده‌های بومی گندم ایران از نظر برخی صفات زراعی تحت شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش خشکی (دیم)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

3 استاد دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

در این پژوهش تنوع ژنتیکی و نقش برخی صفات زراعی در عملکرد دانه 218 توده­ بومی گندم ایران در قالب طرح آلفا-لاتیس با دو تکرار تحت شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش خشکی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه تهران در سال زراعی 96-1395 مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده­ها، حاکی از وجود تفاوت معنی­دار بین توده­ها از نظر صفات فنولوژیکو فیزیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد در هر دو شرایط  بود. براساس نتایج آمار توصیفی، بیشترین تفاوت بین­ توده­های بومی مربوط به تعداد دانه در سنبله و کمترین میزان تنوع در وزن سنبله مشاهده شد. نتایج همبستگی، تجزیه رگرسیون گام به گام و تجزیه علیت نشان دهنده نقش مهم وزن سنبله، تعداد دانه در سنبله و وزن هزار دانه در عملکرد دانه در هر دو شرایط آبیاری نرمال وتنش خشکی بود. در هردوشرایط، صفات وزن سنبله، تعداد دانه در سنبله و وزن هزار دانه بیشترین اثر مستقیم و غیرمستقیم را بر عملکرد دانه داشتند. براساس نتایج تجزیه به مؤلفه­های اصلی، مؤلفه اول در هر دو شرایط با تعداد دانه در سنبله همبستگی بالایی نشان داد درحالیکه مؤلفه دوم با صفات فنولوژیک در شرایط آبیاری نرمال و با شاخص سبزینگی در شرایط تنش خشکی ارتباط مثبتی نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic variability assessment of Iranian wheat landraces in term of some agronomic attributes under normal irrigation and rain-fed conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yousef Rahimi 1
  • MohammadReza Bihamta 2
  • Alireza Taleei 3
  • Hadi Ali Pour 4
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor of University of Tehran
4 Urmia University
چکیده [English]

In the current study, the genetic variability and effect of some agronomic traits on grain yield of 218 Iranian wheat landraces were evaluated under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions employing alpha-lattice design with two replications on the research field of Agronomy and Plant Breeding at the University of Tehran during the year of 2016-2017. Results of data analysis of variance demonstrated that there were significant differences among landraces in the investigated traits including phonologic and physiologic traits, yield and yield components in both conditions. According to descriptive statistics results, the highest phenotypic variation of landraces observed in seed number per spike, and the least variation in spike weight. The findings on phenotypic correlations, stepwise regression, and path coefficient analysis sustain the important role of spike weight, seed number per spike and thousand grain weight in the grain yield in both normal irrigation and rain-fed conditions. In addition, considered traits had the highest impact on the grain yield directly and indirectly under both conditions. The result of principle component analysis presented a positive correlation between the first component and seed number in both conditions, while the second component had a positive relationship with phonological traits in normal irrigation and leaf greenness in rain-fed conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Path analysis
  • Phenological traits
  • physiological traits
  • principal component analysis
  • stepwise regression

مراجع

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علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 3
آبان 1398
صفحه 1-16

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 اردیبهشت 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 آبان 1397
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 آبان 1398

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