واکنش برخی شاخص های فیزیولوژیکی رشد لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L) به شیوه مصرف کودهای فسفات و سولفات‌روی در مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن استارتر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

2 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر شیوه‌های کاربرد کودهای فسفات و سولفات‌روی بر برخی شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی رشد لوبیای تلقیح شده با ریزوبیوم (رقم اختر) در سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن استارتر، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال 1395 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا انجام شد. کود نیتروژن به عنوان فاکتور اول در سه سطح صفر، 30 و 60 کیلوگرم در هکتار، شیوه مصرف سولفات‌روی به عنوان فاکتور دوم به دو روش خاک‌پخش و محلول‌پاشی و شیوه مصرف سوپر‌ فسفات تریپل به عنوان فاکتور سوم به دو روش خاک­پخش و نواری در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد بیش­ترین شاخص سطح برگ (LAI)، وزن خشک کل (TDW) و سرعت رشد محصول (CGR) در تیمار کاربرد توأم فسفات به صورت نواری + محلول پاشی سولفات‌روی در حضور 30 کیلوگرم نیتروژن استارتر در هکتار به ترتیب به مقدار 5، 1100 گرم بر متر مربع و 24 گرم بر متر مربع در روز حاصل شد. تیمار مذکور حداکثرهای LAI،TDW  و CGR را به ترتیب 43، 69 و 92 درصد نسبت به تیمار خاک‌پخش کودهای فسفات و سولفات روی + عدم مصرف نیتروژن افزایش داد. در مورد دو شاخص رشد سرعت جذب خالص (NAR) و سرعت رشد نسبی (RGR) در 75 روز پس از کاشت تنها اثرات اصلی عوامل معنی دار شدند. بنابراین کاربرد توأمان سوپر فسفات تریپل به صورت نواری و مصرف برگی سولفات‌روی به همراه 30 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن استارتر بهترین تیمار جهت افزایش شاخص‌های رشد لوبیای تلقیح شده با ریزوبیوم می‌باشد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The response of physiological indices of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to application method of phosphate and zinc sulfate fertilizers at different amounts of starter nitrogen fertilize

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nasrin Kavian Athar 1
  • Mohammad Ali Aboutalebian 2
1 M.Sc. student of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of application method of phosphate and zinc sulfate fertilizers on some physiological indices of a rhizobium inoculated bean cultivar (Phaseolus vulgaris, cv. Akhtar), a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016 at Bu-Ali Sina University research farm. The factors were as follows:  Nitrogen starter fertilizer with three levels (0, 30, 60 kgha-1) as the first factor, two methods of zinc sulfate application (broadcasting in soil and foliar application) as second factor, and two phosphate fertilizer application methods (broadcasting and banding placement in soil) as third factor. The maximums of leaf area index (5), total dry weight (1100 gm-2) and crop growth rate (24 gm-2day-1) were observed in the simultaneous application of banding placement phosphate and foliar zinc sulfate in terms of consumption of 30 kg nitrogen per hectare. Compared with the control (no- nitrogen, phosphate and zinc sulfate broadcasted in soil) the maximums of LAI, TDW and CGR were 43, 69 and 92 % higher respectively. In net assimilation rate (NAR) and relative growth rate (CGR), only the main effects of the studied factors were significant. Therefore, phosphate banding placement + foliar zinc sulfate beside 30 kg N ha-1 is the best recommended treatment in rhizobium-inoculated bean to maximize its physiological growth indices.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crop growth rate
  • dry weight
  • leaf area index
  1. REFERENCES

    1. Abedi Baba-Arabi, S., Movahedi Dehnavi, M., Yadavi, A. R. & Ahmadi, E. (2011). Effect of Zn and K foliar application on physiological traits and yield of spring sunflower under drought stress. Iranian Journal of Crop Science, 4(1), 75-95 (In Farsi).
    2. Aboutalebian, M. A. & Moghisaei, F. (2014). Effect of seed priming and fertilizer application methods of zinc sulfate on some physiological indices of two corn cultivar in Hamedan. Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 18(5), 255-268 (In Farsi).
    3. Ahmadkhan, I., Ahmad, Sh., Sarvat, N. M., Moazzam, N., Atha, M. & Shabir, Sh. (2007). Growth response of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) to phosphorus and mycorrhizal inoculation. Agriculture Science, 2, 129-132.
    4. Alloway, B. J. (2008). Zinc in soils and crops nutrition. International Zinc Association (IZA). Brussels, Belgium. 127 p.
    5. Baniabbass, Z., Zamani, G, & Sayyari, M. (2011). Effect of drought stress and zinc sulfate on the yield and some physiological characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus. annuus L.). In: National Conference on the Modification of Production and Consumption Pattern, Kerman Higher Education Institution, Kerman, Iran, pp. 453-458 (in Farsi).
    6. Broughton, W., Hernandez, J., Blair, G., Beebe, M., Gepts, S. P. & Vanderleyden, J. (2003). Beans (Phaseolus spp.) - model food legumes. Plant and Soil, 252, 55-128.
    7. Cakmak, I., Kalayci, M., Ekiz, H., Braun, H. J. & Yilmaz, A. (1999). Zinc and human nutrition in Turkey: NATO. Science for Stability Project. Field Crops Research, 60, 175-188.
    8. Dadrasi, V., Aboutalebian, M. A., Ahmadvand, G., Mousavi, S. & Seyedi, M. (2012). Effect of on-farm seed priming and irrigation interval on growth indices of two corn cultivars (Zea mays L.). Journal of Agronomy Sciences, 7, 64-85 (In Farsi).
    9. Daneshian, J. (2000). Ecophysiological effects of water deficit stress in soybean. PhD Thesis, Tehran Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (In Farsi).
    10. Eghbal, B., Sander, D. H., Skopp, J. (1990). Diffusion, adsorption and predicted longevity of banded phosphorus fertilizer in three soils. Soil Science Society America Journal, 54, 1161-1165.
    11. Fageria, N. K. & Santos, A. B. (2008). Yield physiology of dry bean. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 31, 983-1004.
    12. Fakhimi Paidar, N. (2015(. The effect of application method of phosphate and zinc sulfate on the agronomic characteristics of corn (Zea mays L.) under water deficit stress. MSc Thesis. College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University. Hamedan, Iran. (in Farsi)
    13. Gan, Y., Malhi. S. S., Brandt, S., Katepa-Mupondwa, F. & Stevenson, C. (2011). Nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen uptake of Juncea canola under diverse environments. Agronomy Journal, 100, 285-295.
    14. Gardner, F., Pearce, R. & Mitchell, R. L. (1985). Physiology of crop plants. Iowa State University Press, Ames, USA, 327 pages.
    15. Ghanbari, A. A., Shakiba, M. R., Toorchi, M. & Choukan, R. (2013). Nitrogen changes in the leaves and accumulation of some minerals in the seeds of red, white and Chitti beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) under water deficit conditions. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(5), 706-712.
    16. Hagin, J. & Tucker, B. (1982). Fertilization of dry land and irrigated Soils. Spring-Verlag, New York, 188 pages.
    17. Hay, R. K. M. & Walker, A. J. (1989). Introduction to the physiology of crop yield. Longman Group UK Limited, Harlow, 292 pp.
    18. Hozayn, M., Zeidan, M. S., Abd El-Lateef, E. M. & Abd El-Salam, M. S. (2007). Performance of some mungbean (Vignna radiate L. Wilczek) genotypes under late sowing condition in Egypt. Research Journal Agriculture and Biotechnological Sciences, 3, 972-978.
    19. Javanmard, A., Mustafavi, H., Khezri, A. & Mohammadi, S. (2015). Improvement of macro and micro nutrients accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) grain by application of chemical and biological fertilizers. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 25(2.1), 27-43 (in Farsi).
    20. Jha, A. K. & Singh, R. (2013). The influence of interaction between Rhizobium tropici and fertilizer N on nutrient uptake, growth and yield of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under salt stress. Progressive Horticulture, 45(1), 222-228.
    21. Koocheki, A. & Sarmadnia, G. H. (2009). Physiology of crop plants. Jahad Daneshgahi, Mashhad Publication, Mashhad, Iran. 400 pages (in Farsi).
    22. Majnoon Hosseini, N. (1997). Food legumes in Iran. Jahad Academic Publications, University of Mashhad (In Farsi).
    23. Malakouti, M. J. & Nafisi, M. (1995). Fertilization of dry land, and irrigated soils. Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran. 342 pages (In Farsi).
    24. Malakouti, M. & Tabatabaei, S. J. (1999). Foliar nutrition of plants. Ministry of Jihad-e- Agriculture, Deputy, Horticulture Affairs, Tehran, Iran. 121 pages (In Farsi).
    25. Malmir, M. (2016). The effects of mycorrhizae and bradyrhizobium on the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) under different levels of nitrogen starter fertilizer. MSc Thesis, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University. Hamedan, Iran (In Farsi).
    26. Memon, K. S. & Puno, H. K. (2005). Effect of different nitrogen and phosphorus levels on the yield and yield components of wheat variety Pavan. Agriculture Research Station Dadu, Sindh, Pakistan. Indus Journal of Plant Sciences, 4, 273-277.
    27. Mirza Shahi, K. (2011). Effect of management of phosphorus fertilizer on wheat grain yield and total phosphorus in north of Khuzestan. Crop Physiology Journal, 4(13), 99-114 (in Farsi).
    28. Mousavi, R., Aboutalebian, M. A., Sepehri, A. & Mehdizadeh, A. (2012). Effect of sowing date and seed priming on germination, biological yield and some physiological characteristics of maize hybrid 260 in Hamedan. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 43(1), 39-49 (In Farsi).
    29. Mousavi, S. H., Fathi, Gh. & Dadgar, M. A. (2005). Planting date and density on growth, yield components and yield of red beans. In: Proceedings of First Pulse National Conference, 20-21 November, Ferdosi Mashhad University. 31 pp (In Farsi).
    30. Odeley, F. & Animashaun, M. O. (2007). Effects of nutrient foliar spray on soybean growth and yield (Glycine max L.) in south west Nigeria. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 41, 1842-1850.
    31. Rahnama, A. (2008). Plant physiology. Pouran Pajouhesh Press. Tehran, Iran (In Farsi).
    32. Rahman, M. A., Karim, A. J. M. S., Hoque, M. M. & Egashira, K. (2000). Effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on photosynthesis, leaf area index and dry matter production of wheat on clay terrace soil in Bangladesh. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 45, 289-300.
    33. Safi Nadergoli, M. & Yarania, M. (2011). Effect of zinc manganese and their application method on yield and yield components of common bean (Phaseolous vulgaris L.). Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 8(5), 859-865.
    34. Shirin Abadi, M. (2016). Evaluation the response of yield and yield components of two chickpea cultivars to mesorhizobium and mycorrhizae under different levels of nitrogen starter fertilizer. MSc Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran (In Farsi).
    35. Soleimani, A., Firozi, M. & Narenjani, L. (2011). Effect of foliar application of micro-nutrient elements on some physiological indices affecting the growth and yield of dry matter of forage corn. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 9 (3), 340-347.
    36. Tariq, M., Rozina, G., Fazal, M., Fazal, J., Zahid, H., Nadia, N., Hamayoon, Kh. & Hayatullah, Kh. (2011). Effect of different phosphorus levels on the yield and yield components of maize. Sarhad Journal Agriculture, 27, 165-170.
    37. Tisdale, L. S., Nelson, W. L. & Beaton, J. D. (1985). Soil fertility and fertilizers (4th Ed.). Mac Million Pub. Co., New York. 528 pages.
    38. Verma, K. C. & Abidi, A. B. (2009). Effect of phosphorus and molybdenum on biochemical, yield and yield attributing parameters of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). African Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 1, 67-69.
    39. Walley, F. L., Boahen, G., Hnatowich, S. K. & Stevenson, C. (2005). Nitrogen and phosphorus fertility management for desi and kabuli chickpea. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 85, 73-79.

دوره 50، شماره 3
آبان 1398
صفحه 169-184
  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 مرداد 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 دی 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 آبان 1398