خصوصیات کمی و کیفی علوفه اسپرس (Onobrychis viciifolia) تحت رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری و تغذیه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 هیات علمی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 دانشیار، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، تخصص: اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، علوم علف های هرز

چکیده

این آزمایش با هدف بررسی اثر سیستم تغذیه و آبیاری بر خصوصیات رشدی و کیفیت علوفه اسپرس به صورت فاکتوریل خرد شده در زمان و در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سال زراعی 94-1393 اجرا شد. ترکیب فاکتوریلی از کود (ورمیکمپوست، اوره و بدون مصرف کود)، آبیاری نشتی به روش معمولی و یک در میان، دور آبیاری 6، 12 و 18 روزه به عنوان عوامل اصلی در دو چین به عنوان عامل فرعی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بیشترین عملکرد علوفه خشک در چین اول با کاربرد کود ورمی‌کمپوست در روش آبیاری معمولی 12 و 6 روزه حاصل شد. بالاترین وزن خشک برگ و ساقه با کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست در آبیاری معمولی شش روزه مشاهده شد. بیشترین مقادیر دیوارسلولی با 34 درصد و پتاسم با 8/3 درصد در چین اول حاصل شد. بیشترین پروتئین خام با 9/21 درصد در چین دوم با مصرف ورمی‌کمپوست و آبیاری معمولی ثبت شد. فسفر نیز تحت تاثیر اثرمتقابل چهار گانه چین در کود در روش آبیاری در دور آبیاری معنی‌دار شد. به نظر می‌رسد که مصرف کود ورمی‌کمپوست می‌تواند اثر کم آبیاری را برای اسپرس تعدیل کند و در شرایطی که هیچ کودی مورد مصرف نشود اختلاف بین رژیم‌های آبیاری از نظر عملکرد معنی‌دار نیست. از سویی دیگر استفاده از آبیاری یک درمیان و دور‌های بالای آبیاری بخصوص در چین اول با توجه به شرایط آب و هوایی، مقرون به صرفه بودن و اختلاف کم با سایر رژیم‌های آبیاری می‌تواند مورد بررسی و عمل قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) under different irrigation and nutrient regimes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehrdad Karami 1
  • Majid Aghaalikhani 3
1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-336
2
3 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-336
چکیده [English]

To study the effect of nutrition and irrigation systems on growth properties and forage quality of sainfoin, this experiment was conducted as factorial split in time, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at Research Field of Tarbiat Modares University during the 2015-2016 growing season. The combination factorial of fertilizer treatments (vermicompost, urea and non-fertilizer), irrigation methods (alternate and conventional) and irrigation interval (6, 12 and 18-days) were main factors and two cuts were sub factor. The highest dry weight of forage was obtained by six and twelve days conventional irrigation intervals. The highest dry weight of leaf and stem was observed in six days conventional irrigation intervals with vermicompost application. The first cut had the highest NDF by 34% and Potassium by 3.8%. The highest crude protein of 21.9% was observed in the second cut with application of vermicompost and conventional irrigation. The four-way interaction between cut, fertilizer, irrigation interval and method was significant for phosphorous concentration. According to the results, vermicompost can mitigate the effect of deficit irrigation on sainfoin and in the absence of any fertilizer, there was no significant difference between irrigation regimes in terms of yield. On the other hand, the use of alternate irrigation with longer intervals, especially in the first cut, can be investigated according to weather conditions, cost-effectiveness and low differences with other irrigation regimes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Forage
  • Harvest
  • vermicompost
  • Irrigation frequency
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