بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و برخی صفات مهم فیزیولوژیک در ژنوتیپ‌های سویا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی

3 دانشیار موسسه ‌تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه‌نهال‌وبذر

4 هیات علمی سازمان پژوهش های علمی و صنعتی ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی روی عملکرد و صفات مرتبط با رشد در سویا، تعداد‌10 ژنوتیپ سویا در دو آزمایش جداگانه آبیاری نرمال و تنش50% کاهش آب خاک نسبت به نقطه ظرفیت زراعی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در کرج در سال 1394 کشت گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی اثرات متفاوتی بر‌ روی صفات مورد مطالعه داشت، به طوری‌که بیشترین افزایش مربوط به درصد غلاف پوک و بیشترین کاهش در عملکرد تک بوته و تعداد‌ دانه بود. همچنین، صفات فاصله اولین غلاف از سطح زمین، تعداد دانه، تعداد گره نیز خسارت شدیدی از تنش خشکی دیدند. کاهش دوره پرشدن دانه و عملکرد در ژنوتیپ‌های مقاوم غیر‌معنیدار ولی در ژنوتیپ‌های حساس معنی‌دار بود. از طرفی درصد غلاف‌پوک و کاهش اشباع نسبی‌آب افزایش معنی‌داری در ژنوتیپ‌های حساس نشان دادند. نتایج به دست آمده نشان‌داد که ژنوتیپ‌ها از لحاظ محتوی رنگیزه واکنش متفاوتی بروز دادند. هر چند تنش به طور میانگین محتوی رنگیزه را افزایش داد، اما ژنوتیپ‌های مقاوم کاهش غیرمعنیدار و ژنوتیپ‌های حساس افزایش معنیداری را در این صفات نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study in Effects of drought stress on yield, yield components and some important physiological traits in soybean genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • seied Hamid yahoueian 1
  • MohammadReza Bihamta 2
  • Mitra Mohammadi bazargani 4
1
2
3
4 IROST
چکیده [English]

To assess the effects of drought stress on yield and some traits related to growth in soybean, two experiments were conducted as normal and 50% decreas in soil water to FC as stress condition in a randomized compelet block design with three replications and 10 genoytpes in Karaj in 1394. Results showed, that drought stress had different effects on traits. So that, the greatest increase was in %empty pod and the most decrease was in yield per plant and seed number. Some of traits such as the first pod, seed number, nod number had sever damage from drought,too. Seed filling period and yield decreased in susceptible genotypes,significantly but in tolerant genotypes had no significant decrease. Whiles, %empty pod and RSD% had significant increase in sensitive genotypes. Obtained results revealed that, genotypes had different reactions to drought in pigments of their leaves. Although, drought had increased pigments as average; leaf pigments in tolerant genotypes decreased whiles increased in susceptible genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • soybean
  • Drought stress
  • related saturated decrease (RSD%)
  • Photosenthetic pigments
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