اثر تاریخ کاشت و تنش آبی بر عملکرد و برخی صفات زراعی سه هیبرید ذرت شیرین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد/ دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشیار _ دانشگاه شیراز

3 داشجوی دکترا/ دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی تاثیر تاریخ کاشت و تنش آبی بر عملکرد و برخی صفات زراعی سه هیبرید ذرت شیرین، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت نواری با سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 92 و 93 در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز اجرا گردید. فاکتور اصلی شامل ترکیبی از تاریخ کاشت (15 خرداد به عنوان تاریخ کاشت به موقع و 5 تیرماه به عنوان کشت دوم) و تنش آبی (آبیاری نرمال و قطع آبیاری از ابتدای ظهور رشته‌های ابریشمی) و فاکتور فرعی شامل سه هیبرید ذرت شیرین KSC403su،Passion و Signet بود. تاخیر در تاریخ کاشت و تنش آبی بطور معنی‌داری باعث کاهش عملکرد بلال و اجزای آن، ارتفاع بوته، طول بلال و عملکرد علوفه در هر سه هیبرید ذرت شیرین گردید. در شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تاریخ کاشت به موقع، هیبرید KSC403su بیشترین عملکرد بلال تر، علوفه و کنسروی را به خود اختصاص داد و نسبت به دو هیبرید دیگر برتری داشت. بیشترین درصد کاهش عملکرد در برهمکنش تنش آبی در تاریخ کاشت به موقع در هیبرید KSC403su (45 درصد) به دست آمد. در تاریخ کاشت دوم، هیبرید Signet با 44 درصد کاهش عملکرد بیشترین افت را در شرایط تنش آبی نشان داد در حالی که کمترین افت عملکرد در هیبرید Passion مشاهده شد. بنابراین به نظر می‌رسد که با توجه به شرایط کمبود آب در استان فارس، کشت هیبریدPassion ضمن کاهش مصرف آب، می‌تواند به عنوان هیبرید مناسب در منطقه قابل توصیه باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of sowing date and water stress on yield and some agronomic traits of three sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata( hybrids

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asiyeh Dehghani 1
  • Khadijeh Alijani 3
1 Graduated Student/ Shiraz University
2
3 PhD Student/ Shiraz University
چکیده [English]

To examine the effects of sowing date and water stress on yield and some agronomic traits of three sweet corn hybrids, an experiment was carried out as a strip split-plot design with three replications, at College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, during 2013 and 2014 growing seasons. The main plots composed of two sowing dates (4 and 25 June considered as the optimum and late planting date, respectively) and two levels of water stress (Normal irrigation and withholding irrigation at early silking). Three sweet corn hybrids including KSC403su, Passion, and Signet were considered as sub-plots. Delay in sowing date and water stress significantly reduced fresh ear yield and its components, plant height, ear length, and fresh forage yield in all three hybrids. The KSC403su hybrid showed superiority and the highest fresh ear, kernel, and forage yields when seeds were planted on time and irrigated normally. Under withholding irrigation at early silking and planting on time, yield reduced the most by 45% in KSC403su. Under late planting date and water stress condition, the highest yield reduction was observed in Signet by 44% whereas, the lowest yield reduction was observed in Passion. Therefore, it seems that under recent water shortage of Fars Province, planting of Passion can be recommended as a suitable hybrid in such a region to save water.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fresh ear yield
  • fresh forage yield
  • late planting date
  • and water deficit
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