تاثیر انواع حاصلخیزکننده‌های خاک بر رشد و عملکرد دو گونه دارویی اسفرزه و سیاه دانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه بیرجند

2 کارشناس آموزشی دانشکده کشاورزی سرایان، دانشگاه بیرجند

3 عضو هیات علمی دانشکده کشاورزی سرایان، دانشگاه بیرجند

4 دانش آموخته دکتری بوم شناسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

5 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

در آزمایش اول اثر مصرف ورمی-کمپوست (5/2 و 5 تن در هکتار)، کود گاوی (10 و 20 تن در هکتار)، اسید هیومیک (1 و 2 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بر گیاه اسفرزه و در آزمایش دوم تاثیر مصرف گوگرد (0، 150 و 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، تیوباسیلوس (با نسبت وزنیِ 1 به 50 در مقایسه با میزان گوگرد مصرفی در هر کرت) و کود گاوی (0 و 30 تن در هکتار) بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و برخی صفات مرفولوژیکی سیاه‌دانه بررسی شد. تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی تنها بر صفات تعداد پنجه، تعداد سنبله و شاخص کلروفیل اسفرزه معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین تعداد پنجه و سنبله (به ترتیب 6/5 و 5/48 عدد در بوته) با مصرف 2 کیلوگرم در هکتار اسید هیومیک و کم‌ترین مقدار آن (به ترتیب 8/3 و 6/31 عدد در بوته) در تیمار شاهد مشاهده شد. مصرف کود گاوی و اسید هیومیک به طور نسبی شاخص تورم بذر اسفرزه را بهبود بخشید و بیشترین عملکرد بذر نیز در تیمار مصرف 2 کیلوگرم در هکتار اسید هیومیک (76/3 گرم در بوته معادل 1038 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به دست آمد. در گیاه دارویی سیاه‌دانه تقریباً هیچ‌یک از اثرات ساده و متقابل فاکتورهای آزمایشی بر روی صفات مورد بررسی معنی‌دار نشد. با این وجود، تقریباً تمامی صفات رشد و عملکرد گیاه در شرایط مصرف کود گاوی به مقدار اندکی بهبود پیدا کرد، به طوری که در نهایت عملکرد بذر در شرایط مصرف و عدم مصرف این نهاده به ترتیب 292 و 243 کیلوگرم در هکتار به دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different soil fertilizing agents on growth and yield of isabgol and black seed as two medicinal plants

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid-Reza Fallahi 1
  • Mahsa Aghhavani-Shajari 4
4 Department of Agronomy, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

In the first experiment the influence of vermicompost (2.5 and 5 ton.ha-1), cow manure (10 and 20 ton.ha-1) and humic acid application (1 and 2 kg.ha-1) combined with control was studied on qualitative and quantitative indices of isabgol based on a randomized complete block design. In the second study the effects of Sulphur (0, 150 and 300 kg.ha-1), thiobacillus bacteria (50:1 weight ratio of sulfur and bacteria) and cow manure (0 and 30 ton.ha-1) was evaluated on yield and yield components of black seed. Results showed that the effect of experimental factors was significant only on number of tiller, number of spike and SPAD reading in isabgol. The highest amounts of tiller and spike (5.6 and 48.5 number, respectively) was obtained by 2 kg.ha-1 humic acid application, while their lowest (3.8 and 31.6 number, respectively) was belonged to control treatment. Application of cow manure and humic acid increased partially the swelling factor of seeds. In addition, the highest seed yield (3.76 g per plant or 1038 kg.ha-1) was obtained at the rate of 2 kg.ha-1 humic acid usage. In the second experiment, the impact of experimental factors was not significant on black seed medicinal plant growth indices. However, almost all of studied criteria were improved by cow manure consumption, so that finally the seed yield of the plant was 292 and 243 kg.ha-1 in application and no-application cow manure treatments, respectively. overall, our results revealed that isabgol and black seed are two low-input medicinal plants in terms of nutrients requirements.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Humic Acid
  • Sulphur
  • swelling factor
  • Thiobacillus
  • vermi-compost
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