کاربرد نویدبخش تنش خشکی به منظور افزایش کیفیت محصول گیاه داروئی مرزه سهندی (Satureja sahendica Bornm) بومی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1- دانشجوی سابق دکتری گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران ص. پ. 336-14115، ایران 2- محقق مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار/گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی کشاورزی، پژوهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مرزه سهندی (Satureja sahendica Bornm.) گیاه بومی و انحصاری ایران و از خانواده نعناعیان می‏باشد. این گیاه کاربردهای فراوانی در صنایع غذایی، آرایشی - بهداشتی و دارویی دارد. در این پژوهش، تنش خشکی در مرحله گلدهی در قالب طرح کاملا˝ تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه اجرا گردید. تیمارها، پنج زمان نمونه‌برداری (شاهد، 3، 6، 9 و 12 روز) به فواصل سه روز بودند که بعد از قطع آبیاری اعمال گردید. رطوبت حجمی خاک و تعدادی صفات فیزیولوژیک نظیر پتانسیل آبی برگ، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، رنگیزه‏های گیاهی، قندهای محلول و پرولین اندازه‏گیری شد. بررسی نمایه متابولیتی نشان داد که بعضی از متابولیت‏ها نظیر رزمارینیک اسید، کافئیک اسید، اورسولیک اسید و کارنوزیک اسید و نیز قندهای محلول، پرولین متأثر از تنش خشکی بوده و افزایش معنی‏داری یافتند. مقدار بازده اسانس و نیز تیمول به عنوان مهمترین و فراوانترین ترکیب موجود در اسانس مرزه سهندی، افزایش معنی‏داری نشان داد، اگرچه مقدار کمی بعضی از ترکیبات دیگر موجود در اسانس، نظیر کارواکرول، گاماترپینن و پاراسیمن در اثر تنش خشکی کاهش یافت. نتایج این تحقیق بیانگر این است که گیاه مرزه علاوه بر افزایش تنظیم کننده‌های اسمزی نظیر قندهای محلول و پرولین با تغییر در ترکیبات ثانویه موجود در اسانس و عصاره توانسته است خشکی را تحمل نماید. در مجموع نمایه متابولیتی و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی، ما را به درک وسیعتری از مکانیسم‌های مرزه در سطح متابولومیکی هدایت خواهد نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A promising application of drought stress for increasing product quality of Iranian endemic Satureja sahendica Bornm medicinal plant

نویسندگان [English]

  • Anahita Shariat 1
  • Ghasem Karimzadeh 2
  • Mohammad Hassan Assareh 3
  • Javad Hadian 4
1 1- ّFormer PhD student, Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P. O Box 14115-336, Iran 2- PhD researcher of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor/Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU)
3 Prof. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
4 Assoc. Prof., Department of Agricultural Engineering, Medicinal Plants and Drug Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti, University, G.C. Evin, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Sahendian savory (Satureja sahendica Bornm.) is an Iranian endemic species from Lamiaceae family. This plant has been used in the food industry, cosmetics and medical preparations. In the current study, drought stress was induced at flowering stage based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications in green house. Treatments were considered as five sampling times (control, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days) with three interval days that imposed after stopping irrigation. Soil volumetric moisture, and several physiological traits were measured, including leaf water potential, relative water content, pigments, soluble sugars, and proline. Metabolite profiling revealed that metabolites, such as rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, ursolic acid, carnosic acid, soluble sugars and proline affected by drought stress and significantly increased by drought stress. The oil yield and thymol as the most valuable compound in the oil of Sahandian savory, was significantly increased, although, the quantitative content of some compounds in oil such as Carvacrole, γ-Terpinene and p- Cymene were decreased in response to drought stress. It can be concluded that in addition to osmoprotectant accumulation, savory plant improved its drought tolerance by changing in its secondary metabolites’ components in essential oil and in extract. In conclusion, the combination of metabolite profiling and physiological parameters contributed to a greater understanding of the mechanisms of savory plant’s response at metabolomics level.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Savory
  • metabolite profiling
  • Essential oil yield
  • secondary metabolites
  • methanolic extracts

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علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 49، شماره 1
بهار 1397
صفحه 167-177

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 خرداد 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 شهریور 1396

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