ارزیابی ارقام برنج بر اساس مقاومت به جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت (pre-harvest sprouting)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 سازمان جهاد کشاورزی

2 دانشگاه گیلان

3 موسسه تحقیقات برنج

چکیده

جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت یکی از عوامل کاهش دهنده عملکرد و کیفیت دانه برنج در شرایط آب و هوایی مرطوب و مصادف با بارندگی در زمان برداشت محصول می‌باشد. در این تحقیق 34 رقم بومی و اصلاح شده ایرانی و خارجی برنج از نظر جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت (در شرایط زنده) و برخی صفات مرتبط با آن مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که ارقام مورد بررسی از لحاظ جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت و سایر صفات دانه، دارای اختلاف بسیار معنی‌داری بودند. ضرایب همبستگی فنوتیپی و ژنوتیپی درصد جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت با میزان فعالیت آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز همبستگی مثبت و بالایی را نشان دادند که حاکی از اثر معنی‌دار این آنزیم بر جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت می‌باشد. تجزیه‌ خوشه‌ای به روش وارد ارقام مورد بررسی را در سه گروه قرار داد. گروه اول شامل 24 رقم و گروه‌های دوم و سوم به ترتیب شامل 4 و 6 رقم بودند. در مجموع اعضای گروه اول و دوم از لحاظ درصد جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت، کمترین مقادیر و مقاوم‌ترین ارقام و گروه سوم با بیشترین درصد جوانه زنی، حساس‌ترین ارقام بودند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که برخی از ارقام بومی با دارا بودن مقاومت بالا به جوانه زنی پیش از برداشت، پتانسیل معرفی جهت استفاده در برنامه های به نژادی را دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of rice cultivats based on pre-harvest sprouting tolerance

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soheila Nikzadeh Talebi 1
  • Ali Aalami 2
2 University of guilan
چکیده [English]

Pre-harvest sprouting is one of the main factors that reducing the rice grain yield and quality in wet ‎weather condition with raining in harvest time. 34 local and improved rice varieties were evaluated ‎for pre-harvest sprouting and some related ‎characters to this trait at in vivo condition‎. Results of ‎analysis of variance indicated that the difference between genotypes were ‎significant for pre-‎harvest sprouting and some other traits of grain. Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients ‎of pre-harvest sprouting ‎with alpha amylase activity were positive, this result showed that the ‎alpha amylase enzyme had significant effect on pre-harvest sprouting. All varieties divided into ‎three groups by cluster analysis using ward method. First groups included 24 varieties and second ‎and third groups included 4 and 6 varieties respectively. In total, varieties of the first and second ‎groups had the lowest of pre-harvest sprouting ‎percentage so they were resistance to germination ‎before harvesting and the varieties of third group had the highest of pre-harvest ‎sprouting ‎percentage so they were sensitive to germination before harvesting. Results of this ‎research showed some local varieties with high resistance to pre-harvest sprouting had good ‎potential for using in breeding programs. ‎

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Cluster analysis"
  • "Heritability"
  • "pre-harvest sprouting"
  • "Rice"
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