ارزیابی ارقام برنج بر اساس مقاومت به جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت (pre-harvest sprouting)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 سازمان جهاد کشاورزی

2 دانشگاه گیلان

3 موسسه تحقیقات برنج

چکیده

جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت یکی از عوامل کاهش دهنده عملکرد و کیفیت دانه برنج در شرایط آب و هوایی مرطوب و مصادف با بارندگی در زمان برداشت محصول می‌باشد. در این تحقیق 34 رقم بومی و اصلاح شده ایرانی و خارجی برنج از نظر جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت (در شرایط زنده) و برخی صفات مرتبط با آن مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که ارقام مورد بررسی از لحاظ جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت و سایر صفات دانه، دارای اختلاف بسیار معنی‌داری بودند. ضرایب همبستگی فنوتیپی و ژنوتیپی درصد جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت با میزان فعالیت آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز همبستگی مثبت و بالایی را نشان دادند که حاکی از اثر معنی‌دار این آنزیم بر جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت می‌باشد. تجزیه‌ خوشه‌ای به روش وارد ارقام مورد بررسی را در سه گروه قرار داد. گروه اول شامل 24 رقم و گروه‌های دوم و سوم به ترتیب شامل 4 و 6 رقم بودند. در مجموع اعضای گروه اول و دوم از لحاظ درصد جوانه‌زنی پیش از برداشت، کمترین مقادیر و مقاوم‌ترین ارقام و گروه سوم با بیشترین درصد جوانه زنی، حساس‌ترین ارقام بودند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که برخی از ارقام بومی با دارا بودن مقاومت بالا به جوانه زنی پیش از برداشت، پتانسیل معرفی جهت استفاده در برنامه های به نژادی را دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of rice cultivats based on pre-harvest sprouting tolerance

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soheila Nikzadeh Talebi 1
  • Ali Aalami 2
1
2 University of guilan
3
چکیده [English]

Pre-harvest sprouting is one of the main factors that reducing the rice grain yield and quality in wet ‎weather condition with raining in harvest time. 34 local and improved rice varieties were evaluated ‎for pre-harvest sprouting and some related ‎characters to this trait at in vivo condition‎. Results of ‎analysis of variance indicated that the difference between genotypes were ‎significant for pre-‎harvest sprouting and some other traits of grain. Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients ‎of pre-harvest sprouting ‎with alpha amylase activity were positive, this result showed that the ‎alpha amylase enzyme had significant effect on pre-harvest sprouting. All varieties divided into ‎three groups by cluster analysis using ward method. First groups included 24 varieties and second ‎and third groups included 4 and 6 varieties respectively. In total, varieties of the first and second ‎groups had the lowest of pre-harvest sprouting ‎percentage so they were resistance to germination ‎before harvesting and the varieties of third group had the highest of pre-harvest ‎sprouting ‎percentage so they were sensitive to germination before harvesting. Results of this ‎research showed some local varieties with high resistance to pre-harvest sprouting had good ‎potential for using in breeding programs. ‎

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Cluster analysis"
  • "Heritability"
  • "pre-harvest sprouting"
  • "Rice"

مراجع

1. Abouzari-Gazafrodi, A., Honarnegad, R. & Fotokian, M. H. (2008). The investigation of genetic diversity with morphological data in rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.). Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 78, 110-117. (In Farsi)
2. Alizadeh, A. (2007). Soil, water, plant relationship. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. (In farsi).
3. Agahi K., Fotokian, M. H. & Younesi, Z. (2012). Study of genetic diversity and important correlations of agronomic traits in rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.). Iranian Journal of Biology, 25(1), 97-110. (In Farsi)
4. Bagheri, N., Babaeian-Jelodar, N. & Hasan-Nataj, E. (2008).Genetic diversity of Iranian rice germplasm based on morphological traits. Iranian Agricultural Research, 6(2),. 235-243. (In Farsi)
5. Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of microgram quantities of prorotein utilizing the principle of protein-Dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248-254.
6. Dastaran Mamghani, F., Tavakol Afshari, R. & Sharif- zadeh, F. (2009). A study of seed dormancy and dormancy breaking factors during after-ripening period of barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L). Iranian Journal of Filed Crop Science.40(3), 123-135. (In Farsi)
7. De, R.N., Reddy, J .N., Suriava, A.V. & Mohanty, K. K. (1992). Genetic divergence in early rice under two situations. Indian Journal Genetic, 52, 225-229.
8. Dehghanpour Farshah, H., Tvakkol Afshari, R., Sharifzadeh, F. & Chavoshinasab, S. (2011). Germination improvement and α-amylase and β-1, 3-glucanase activity in dormant and nondormantseeds of Oregano (Origanumvulgare). Australian Journal of Crop Science,5 (4), 421-427. (In Farsi)
9. Etezadijam, J., Tavakkol Afshari, R., Yazdi- Samadi, B. & Hoseinzadeh, A. H. (2004 a). Pre-harvest sprouting resistance and study of correlation and path analysis of seed characteristics with Pre-Harvest Sprouting resistance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal Agricultural Science Iran, 36(3), 733-742. (In Farsi)
10. Etezadijam, J., Tavakkol Afshari, R., Yazdi-Samadi, B. & Shah Nejat Bushehr, A. A. (2004b). The study seed dormancy, post maturity period and patterns of protein synthesis in the embryo of seed dormancy and without dormancy in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Journal Agricultural Science Iran.36(4), 859-867. (In Farsi)
11. Falconer, D. S. (1989). Introduction to quantitative Genetics. Longman Group Ltd, London.
12. Falconer, D. S. & Mackay, T. F. C. (1996). Introduction to quantitative genetics, 4th ed. Longman Technical, Essex, UK.
13. Faraji, F., Esfahani, M., Alizadeh, M. R. & Aalami, A. (2014). Evaluation of morphological characteristics related to lodging in selected local and improved rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. Irnian Journal of Crop sciences. 16(3), 250-264. (In Farsi)
14. Gao, X., Hu, C. H., Li, H. Z., Yao, Y. J., Meng, M., Dong, J., Zhao, W.C., Chen, Q. J. & Li, X. Y. (2013). Factors affecting pre-harvest sprouting resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal Of Animal & Plant Science, 23 (2), 556-565.
15. Gatford, K. T., Eastwood, R. F. & G. Halloran, M. (2002). Germination inhibitors in bracts surrounding the grain of Triticum tauschii. Functional Plant Biology, 29, 881–890.
16. Gordon, A.G. (1970) Premature Germination in Cereals. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 50,191-194
17. Groos, C., Gay, G., Perretant, M. R., Gervais, L., Bernard, M., Dedryver, F. & Charmet, G. (2002). Study of the relationship between pre-harvest sprouting and grain color by quantitative trait loci analysis in a white×red grain bread-wheat cross. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 104,39-47.
18. Honarnejad, R. (2002). Study of correlation between some quantitative traits and grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using path analysis. Irnian Journal of Crop sciences. 4(1), 25-34. (In Farsi)
19. Hussain, A., Khattak, N. & Qayyum khan, A. (2008). Cost benefit analysis of different rice varieties in district Swat. Sarhad Journal Agriculture, 24 (4),745-748.
20. Imtiaz, M., Ogbonnaya, F. C., Oman, J. & van Ginkel, M. (2008) Characterization of quantitative trait loci controlling genetic variation for pre-harvest sprouting in synthetic backcross-derived wheat lines.Genetics ,178,1725-36.
21. IRRI. (2002). Standard Evalution System for rice (SES). Manila, Philippines, International Rice Research Institute. Los Banos.Laguna. Philippinea.
22. Jain, R. K. & Bal, S. (1997). Properties of pearl millrt. Journal Agricultural Engineering Research, 66, 85-91.
23. Juliano, B.O. & Chang ,T. T. (1987). Pre-Harvest sprouting in rice, in: D. J. Mares (Ed.), Fourth international symposium on pre-harvest sprouting in cereals, Westview Press, Boulder. pp. 34-41.
24. Karbalaie, M. T., Farahmand, A. N. & Mashaie, S. S. (2006). the study of seeds dormancy and duration in 50 rice cultivars (rrii). Retrieved July 7, 2017, from http://www.berenge.com/Articles/ShowArticle.aspx?ArticleID=3154.
25. Mahbub, A. A., Rahman, M. S., Khanam, M. & Gomosta, A. R. (2005). Development of preharvest sprouting tolerance screening technique in rice. International Rice Research Notes, 30 (1), 50-51.
26. Mahdavi, F., Esmaeili, M. A., Fallah, A. & Pirdashti, H. (2005). Study of morphological characteristcs, physiological indices, grain yield and its components in rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces and improved cultivars. Irnian Journal of Crop sciences, 4, 280-297. (In Farsi)
27. Moharami, E., Shahedi, M. & Kadivar M. (2009). Evaluation of α-Amylase, Lipase and Lipoxygenase activity in wheat flour before and after germination. Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 13 (47),1-13. (In Farsi).
28. Nourinia, A. (2002). Pre-harvest sprouting in wheat past research and future needs. In: 7th Iranian Crop Science Congress. 24 to 26 August. Karaj, Iran. (In Farsi).
29.Okamoto, K. & Akazawa, T. (1979). Enzymic mechanism of starch breakdown in germinating Rice seed. Plant Physiology, 63: 336-340.
30. Rahim Soroush, H., Mesbah, M. & Bozorgipoor, R. (2004). Genetic and phenotypic variability and cluster analysis for quantitative and qualitative traits of rice. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 20, 167-182. (In Farsi)
31. Roy, R., Weng Chan. N. & Rainis, R. (2013). Development of an Empirical Model of Sustainable Rice Farming: A Case Study from Three Rice-Growing Ecosystems in Bangladesh. American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, 13 (4), 449-460.
32. Sasaki, K., Kazama, Y., Chae, Y. & Sato, T. (2013). Confirmation of novel quantitative trait loci for seed dormancy at different ripening stages in rice. Rice Science, 20 (3), 207−212.
33 Venkata Lakshmi, M., Suneetha, Y. & Yugandhar, G. (2014). Correlation studies in rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 5(2), 121-126.
34. Waheed, A., Ahmad, H. & Abbasi, F. M.(2012). Different treatment of rice seed diormancy breaking, germination of both wild species and cultivated varieties (Oryza sativa  L.). Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 3(3), 551-560.
 
علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 49، شماره 1
خرداد 1397
صفحه 99-113

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 آذر 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 تیر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 مرداد 1396
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 خرداد 1397

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار