شناسایی QTLهای کنترل‌کنندة عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در آفتابگردان در شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموختة کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استاد، گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

3 استاد پژوهشکدة زیست‌فناوری دانشگاه ارومیه

4 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

5 استادیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

6 دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکدة علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

تنش شوری ازجمله مهم‌ترین تنش­های غیرزندة تهدیدکنندة گیاهان است. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش شوری بر صفات عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد آفتابگردان و تجزیة ژنتیکی این صفات در رابطه باتحمل به شوری، آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل بر پایة طرح کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلدان و در فضای باز انجام گرفت. عامل‌های موردبررسی در این آزمایش شامل سطوح مختلف تنش شوری (عادی یا نرمال و تنش ناشی از 6 دسی­زیمنس­بر­متر) و رگه (لاین)‌های خویش‌آمیختة نوترکیب آفتابگردان (102 رگة حاصل از تلاقی بین دورگه RHA266 و PAC2 به همراه والدین) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تنش شوری بر همة صفات موردبررسی به‌جز صفات طول دم برگ، عرض برگ، طول برگ، قطر طبق و وزن صددانه معنی­دار است. تأثیر ژنوتیپ بر همة صفات موردبررسی معنی­دار بود. تجزیة ژنتیکی صفات اندازه­گیری‌شده با استفاده از نقشة پیوستگی تهیه‌شدهبا 221 نشانگر مولکولی (SNP11SSR/210) با میانگین فاصلة 44/7 سانتی­مورگان بین نشانگرها به روش مکان­یابی فاصله­ای مرکب (CIM)انجام گرفت. برای صفات موردبررسی درمجموع ۳۱ QTL شناسایی شد که 14 QTL مربوط به شرایط عادی و 17 QTL مربوط به شرایط تنش شوری بود. بیشترین مقدار R2 (درصد تغییرات فنوتیپی توجیه‌شده) (7/39درصد) مربوط به QTLشناسایی‌شده برای صفت شمار روز تا گلدهی در شرایط تنش شوری بود.چندی ازQTLهای شناسایی‌شده برای صفات مختلف هم جایگاه بودند. استفاده از QTL­های هم­مکان موجب افزایش کارایی انتخاب به کمک نشانگر و پیشبرد برنامه­های بهنژادی گیاهی می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of QTLs controlling yield and yield components in sunflower under salinity stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Morsali Aghajari 1
  • Reza Darvishzadeh 2 3
  • Hamid Hatami Maleki 4
  • Mohsen Barin 5
  • Naser Abbaspour 6
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Professor, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
6 Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Salinity stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses which threaten plants. In order to study the effect of salinity stress on yield and yield components of sunflower and also genetic analysis of these traits in relation with salt tolerance, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted. Pots were arranged outside the greenhouse in an open air area under natural environmental conditions. The studied factors were 2 salinity stress levels (normal and 6 dS/m) and sunflower recombinant inbred lines (102 lines derived from the cross PAC2 ×RHA266 together with parental lines). Results showed the significant effect of salinity stress on all of studied traits except petiole length, leaf width, leaf length, head diameter and seed weight, meanwhile, the effect of genotype was significant on all of the studied traits. Genetic analysis of measured traits was done using a linkage map with 221 molecular markers (210SSR/11SNP) with an average distance of 7.44 cM between markers via composite interval mapping (CIM). 14 and 17 QTLs were detected for studied traits under normal and salt stress conditions, respectively. The maximum amount of R2 (39.7%) was detected for QTL identified for days to flowering in salinity stress conditions. The results showed the existence of co-localized QTLs for some of the studied traits under normal and salt stress conditions. Using co-localized QTLs improve the efficiency of marker-assisted selection in plant breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genetic analysis
  • gene mapping
  • Salinity stress
  • Sunflower

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 مرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 مهر 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 خرداد 1395

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