علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران

علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران

تأثیر تیمارهای کودی بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و القاء تحمل به بیماری اسکب گندم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
سید کاظم صباغ 1
بصیرا کرمانی زاده 2
احمد غلامعلی زاده آهنگر 3
علیرضا سیروس مهر 4
1 دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، پردیس علوم، دانشگاه یزد
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکدة آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل
3 دانشیار، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکدة آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل
4 استادیار، گروه زراعت دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل
10.22059/ijfcs.2016.63590
چکیده
بیماری فوزاریوز سنبلة گندم که توسط قارچ Fusarium graminearum ایجاد می‌شود یکی از بیماری‌های بسیار زیانبار گندم است که افزون بر کاهش کمیت و کیفیت محصول، قادر به تولید زهرابه‌های خطرناک سرطان‌زا در انسان و دام می‌شود. در این تحقیق تأثیر تیمارهای کودی مختلف (ورمی‌کمپوست، کود شیمیایی و قارچ‌ریشه یا میکوریز) بر عملکرد و بیان چند ژن دخیل در ایجاد مقاومت به بیماری بررسی شد. بدین منظور از گندم رقم فلات در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در گلخانه استفاده شد. تجزیة واریانس داده‌ها نشان داد که، تأثیر تیمارهای مختلف کودی بر صفات وزن صددانه، ارتفاع بوته، وزن تک بوته، عملکرد دانه، وزن زیست‌توده و شاخص برداشت در سطح احتمال 1درصد معنی‌دار بود. تجزیة نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از بیان ژن‌های مؤثر در مقاومت نشان داد که ژن‌های بتا گلوکوناز و اکسالات اکسیداز در همة تیمارهای کودی نسبت به شاهد افزایش و بالاترین افزایش در تیمار مخلوط کود شیمیایی و ورمی‌کمپوست مشاهده شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که کاربرد مخلوط کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی می‌تواند باعث القاء مقاومت اکتسابی ساختارمند (سیستمیک) در گیاهان بیمار شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اجزاء عملکرد
تیمار کودی
فوزاریوز خوشة گندم
مقاومت القایی

عنوان مقاله English

Effects of fertilizer treatments on components, performance components and induce resistance to wheat scab disease

نویسندگان English

Seyed Kazem Sabbagh 1
Basira Kermanizadeh 2
Ahmad Gholamalizadeh-Ahangar 3
Alireza Sirousmehr 4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Campus of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
2 M.Sc. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran, Iran
چکیده English

Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease caused by Fusarium graminearum is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat that in addition to the loss of product quality and quantity is able to produce the dangerous carcinogenic toxins in human and animals. In this study, the effects of different fertilizer treatments (Vermicompost, Chemical fertilizer and Mycorrhiza) on performance components and expression of several genes involved in disease resistance pathway was investigated. For this reason, Falat wheat cultivar was used in a completely randomized design with four repetitions in greenhouse conditions. The analysis of variance showed that the effects of different fertilizer treatments on 100-seed weight, plant height, weight per plant, seed performance, biological performance and the harvest index were significant at 1% probability level. The analysis of gene expression data showed that beta Glucanase and Oxalate Oxidase genes had a significant increase in all treatments but the highest increase was observed in vermicompost and chemical fertilizers mixture. The results indicated that the mix application of biologic and non-biologic fertilizers could be induce systemic acquire resistance in infected plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Acquired resistance
fertilizer treatments
fusarium head blight
performance components
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  • تاریخ دریافت 01 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری 31 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش 31 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 خرداد 1395