واکنش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت به شیوۀ کاربرد کود‌های فسفات و سولفات روی تحت تنش رطوبتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی تأثیر شیوۀ کاربرد کود­های فسفات و سولفات روی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت تحت تنش رطوبتی، آزمایشی به­صورت اسپلیت­پلات ­فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایۀ بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعۀ پژوهشی دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا همدان در بهار و تابستان 1393 انجام گرفت. عامل تنش رطوبتی در کرت­های اصلی شامل سه سطح آبیاری پس از 60 ،90 و 120 میلی­متر تبخیر تجمعی از تشت تبخیر کلاس A و در کرت­های فرعی دو عامل شیوۀ کاربرد کود سولفات روی در سه سطح (بدون کاربرد، محلول­پاشی، کاربرد خاکی به­صورت پخش) و عامل شیوۀ کاربرد کود فسفاته با دو سطح (کاربرد پخش و کاربرد نواری) به­صورت فاکتوریل قرار داده شدند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از تجزیۀ واریانس نشان داد، با افزایش شدت تنش از 60 به 90 و 120 میلی­متر تبخیر عملکرد دانه به ترتیب به میزان 28 و 54 درصد کاهش یافت. محلول­پاشی سولفات روی در شرایط بدون تنش، نسبت به بدون کاربرد و کاربرد خاکی سولفات روی باعث افزایش معنی­دارشمار ردیف دانه در بلال، عملکرد زیست‌توده (بیولوژیک)، طول و قطر بلال شد. بنا بر نتایج کاربرد نواری کود فسفات در شرایط تنش شدید رطوبت و بدون کاربرد سولفات روی سبب افزایش معنی­دار شمار دانه در ردیف بلال و وزن صددانه شد. بیشترین شاخص برداشت از تیمار بدون تنش رطوبت به همراه محلول­پاشی سولفات روی به میزان 56/47 درصد به دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of yield and yield components of corn to phosphate and zinc sulfate fertilizers application methods under water stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Aboutalebian 1
  • Noushin Fakhimi Paydar 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
2 M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
چکیده [English]

To study the effects of phosphate and zinc sulfate fertilizers application methods on the yield and yield components of maize under water stress a randomized complete block with split plot factorial arrangement with three replications at research farm of the Bu Ali Sina University was conducted in 2014. Three levels of irrigation after 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from evaporation A pan was assigned in main plot and two factors including phosphate fertilizer application methods (broadcasting and placement) and zinc sulfate (non, foliar and soil application) were assigned in sub plots. The results showed that with increasing water stress from 60 to 90 mm evaporation of pan grain yield decreased by 28 percent, but in condition of severe water stress, (irrigation after 120 mm evaporation), grain yield decreased by 54 percent. In no stress conditions, foliar application of zinc sulfate, compared to soil application and no application increased significantly the number of grains row per ear, biological yield, corn length and its diameter. According to the results phosphate placement treatment in sever water stress and no zinc sulfate application conditions caused a significant increase in the number of grain per row and 100 grains weight. In this study the highest harvest index was obtained in no water stress plus zinc sulfate foliar application (47.56%).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological yield
  • Evaporation
  • foliar
  • harvest index
  • Placement

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فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 خرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 خرداد 1395

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