بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی رگه های آفتابگردان روغنی در شرایط بدون تنش و شوری با استفاده از روش‌های آماری چندمتغیره

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

3 استاد، گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه و استاد، پژوهشکدۀ زیست‌فناوری، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی برخی از صفات زراعی و بررسی اثر تنش شوری روی آن‌ها، صد رگۀ (لاین) خالص آفتابگردان روغنی از نقاط مختلف جهان در هر یک شرایط بدون تنش (نرمال) و تنش شوری 8 دسی زیمنس بر متر در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط گلدانی و در فضای باز بررسی شدند. نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس بیانگر تفاوت معنی­دار بین رگه­ها در همۀ صفات مورد بررسی و وجود تنوع ژنتیکی بین رگه­ها است. بالاترین ضریب تغییرپذیری ژنتیکی در شرایط بدون تنش و تنش شوری در صفت وزن خشک طبق و عملکرد دانه و پایین‌ترین ضریب در صفت روز تا گلدهی مشاهده شد. در شرایط بدون تنش و شوری همبستگی ژنتیکی و پدیدگانی (فنوتیپی) عملکرد دانه با بیشتر صفات مورد بررسی مثبت و معنی‌دار بود. تجزیۀ رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام نشان داد که در شرایط بدون تنش قطر طبق، وزن صددانه و ارتفاع و در تنش شوری صفات قطر طبق، وزن صددانه، طول برگ پایین، شمار برگ، طول دمبرگ برگ پایین، عرض برگ بالا و میزان سبزینۀ (کلروفیل) برگ به ترتیب 3/30 و 3/40 درصد از تغییر عملکرد دانه را توجیه می‌کنند. در تجزیۀ خوشه­ای به روش وارد، در شرایط بدون تنش رگه‌ها در شش گروه و در شرایط تنش شوری در پنج گروه قرار گرفتند. توزیع رگه‌ها در گروه‌ها بسته به شرایط تنش متفاوت بود که بیانگر وجود تنوع ژنتیکی و امکان انتخاب برای مقاومت به شوری است. رگه‌های 6، 11، 13 و 70 بیشترین عملکرد تک بوته در شرایط بدون تنش و تنش شوری را داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic diversity of oily sunflower lines under normal and salt stress conditions using multivariate statistical analysis methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soheila Ahmadpour 1
  • Omid Sofalian 2
  • Reza Darvishzadeh 3
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | Professor, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

To study genetic diversity of some agronomic traits and the effect of salt stress on these characters, 100 oily sunflower inbred lines coming from different regions of world was investigated under normal and salt (8 dS/m) stress conditions with randomized complete block design with three replications outside the greenhouse in an open air area. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among lines for all studied traits, indicating the existence of genetic variation among genotypes. The highest coefficient of genetic variation was observed for head dried weight, seed yield per plant and the lowest one for days to flowering in both stressed and non-stressed conditions. The results of correlation analysis revealed significant and positive correlation between seed yield per plant with most of the studied traits in both stressed conditions. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that under salt stress conditions, 40.3 percent of seed yield per plant variation was determined by head diameter, 100 seed weight, bottom leaf length, leaf number, bottom petiole length, upper leaf width and chlorophyll rate and in normal conditions, 30.3 of seed yield per plant variation was explained by head diameter, 100 seed weight and plant height. Cluster analysis grouped lines into 6 clusters in normal and 5 clusters in salt stress conditions but the distribution of lines within groups were different depending to stress environments that present the genetic variability for salt tolerance in sunflower lines. Lines 6, 11, 13 and 70 had the highest yield per plant under normal and salt stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster Analysis
  • genetic correlation
  • heritability
  • salt stress
  • Sunflower

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 اسفند 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1396

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