بررسی تأثیر هگزاکونازول، پنکونازول و سیلیکات کلسیم بر صفات کمی و کیفی دو رقم سویا در شرایط کم‌آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه زراعت، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، صندوق‌پستی 3697-19395، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، صندوق‌پستی 3697-19395، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، صندوق‌پستی 3697-19395، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر تیمارهای مختلف آبیاری بر ویژگی‌های زراعی سویا با و بدون کاربرد تریازول­ها و سیلیکات کلسیم آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده (اسپلیت پلات) فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­ کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعۀ تحقیقاتی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد اثر متقابل سه­گانۀ عامل‌های آزمایشی به­طور معنی­دار همۀ صفات مورد بررسی بجز ارتفاع بوته را تحت تأثیر قرار داد. در شرایط بدون تنش رقم L17 و در شرایط تنش متوسط محلول­پاشی هگزاکونازول روی رقم ویلیامز با اختلاف بیش از 4 برابر به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین مقادیر عملکرد پروتئین را نشان دادند. محلول­پاشی سیلیکات کلسیم روی رقم ویلیامز در شرایط بدون تنش و تنش متوسط با اختلاف 23/0 به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین مقادیر شاخص برداشت را نشان دادند. عملکرد زیست‌توده (بیوماس) و دانه در شرایط تنش متوسط به ترتیب 9519 و 3328 کیلوگرم در هکتار کاهش یافتند. بنا بر یافته­های به‌دست‌آمده از این تحقیق تنش کم­آبی می تواند باعث کاهش مقادیر صفات کمی و اجزای عملکرد سویا شود و در شرایط تنش محلول‌پاشی مواد بهبوددهندۀ رشد می‌تواند باعث تعدیل آسیب‌وزیان ناشی از تنش و افزایش مقاومت این گیاه زراعی شود. با توجه به واکنش متفاوت رقم‌های مورد بررسی از نظر عملکرد روغن به محلول پاشی در شرایط متفاوت باید بیان کرد، در شرایط بدون تنش محلول پاشی پنکونازول و سیلیکات کلسیم روی رقم ویلیامز، و در شرایط تنش متوسط و شدید به ترتیب محلول پاشی پنکونازول و هگزاکونازول روی رقم L17  کارایی بالاتری در افزایش عملکرد روغن داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of hexaconazole, penconazole and calcium silicate on the quantitative and qualitative traits of two varieties of soybean under water deficit conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Madanipour 1
  • Kamal Sadat Asilan 2
  • Sirus Mansourifar 3
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

To study the different irrigation treatments on agronomic characteristics of soybean with and without use of triazoles and calcium silicate, an experiment was conducted as split-plot factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Field of Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University. The results showed that three-way interaction among experimental factors significantly influenced all traits, except plant height. Under non-stressed conditions for L17 and under moderate stress for Williams, hexaconazole spraying caused maximum and minimum protein yield with more than fourflods differences between them. Calcium silicate spraying on Williams under non- and moderate- stressed conditions, with 0.23 difference, showed most and least values of harvest index, respectively. Biological and seed yield under stress conditions decreased 9519 and 3328 kg/ha, respectively. According to the findings of these research, water deficit stress can cause reductions in values for quantitative traits and yield components of soybean, and under stress conditions, spraying admendatory materials can mitigate the harm of stress and increase the crop tolerance. Considering different response of soybean cultivars tested in terms of oil yield to spraying under varios conditions, it can be noted that penconazole and calcium silicate spraying on Williams under non-stressed conditions, and penconazole and hexaconazole spraying on L17 under moderate- and severe stressed conditions, exhibited higher efficiency in increasing oil yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Calcium Silicate
  • soybean
  • triazoles
  • water deficit stress
  • yield

مراجع

  1. Agarie, S., Uchida, H., Agata, W., Kubota, F. & Kaufamn, B. (1993). Effect of silicon on growth, dry matter production and photosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Crop Production and Improvement Technology, 34, 225-234.
  2. Alizaded, A. (2007). Irrigation system design: Surface irrigation system design. Imam Reza University Press. Volume 1, 450 pp. (in Farsi)
  3. Berova, M. & Zlatev, Z. (2000). Physiological response and yield of paclobutrazol treated tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Plant Growth Regulation, 30, 117-123.
  4. Berova, M. & Zlatev, Z. (2003). Physiological response of paclobutrazol-treated triticale plants to water stress. Biologia Plantarum, 46, 133-136.
  5. Chun, L., Xiansheng, W., Hao, M., Zhanqin, Z., Wenrui, G. & Li, Z. (2008). Functional properties of protein isolates from soybean stored on various condition. Food Chemistry, 111, 29-37.
  6. Daneshian, J., Majidi Haravan, E. & Jonoubi, P. (2002). Evaluating the effect of drought stress and potash rate on quantitative and qualitative properties of soybean. Agricultural Science (Islamic Azad University), 8, 95-108. (in Farsi)
  7. Daneshian, J., Hadi, H. & Jonoubi, P. (2009). Study of quantitative and quality characteristics of soybean genotypes in deficit irrigation conditions. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 11, 393-409. (in Farsi)
  8. Datnoff, l. E., Deren, C. W. & Snyder, G. H. (1997). Silicon fertilization for disease management of rice in Florida. Crop Protection, 16, 525-531.
  9. Doss, B. D., Pearson, R. W. & Rogers, H. T. (1974). Effect of soil water stress at various growth stages on soybean yield. Agronomy Journal, 66, 297-299.
  10. Epstein, E. (1994). The anomaly of silicon in plant biology. Proceedings of National Academy Sciences of the United States of America, 91, 11-17.
  11. Fahad, S., Hussain, S., Matloob, A., Khan, F. A., Khaliq, A., Saud, S., Hassan, S., Shan, D., Khan, F., Ullah, N., Faiq, M., Khan, M. R., Tareen, A. K., Khan, A., Ullah, A., Ullah, N. & Huang, J. (2015). Phytohormones and plant responses to salinity stress: a review. Plant Growth Regulation, 75, 391-404.
  12. Fehr, W. R. & Caviness, C. E. (1977). Stages of Soybean Development. Special Report 80. Iowa State University. Ames, IA.
  13. Flagella, Z., Rotunno, T., Tarantino, E., Di Caterina, R. & De Caro, A. (2002). Changes in seed yield and oil fatty composition of high oleic sunflower hybrids in relation to the sowing date and the water regime. European Journal of Agronomy, 17, 331-334.
  14. Gao, J., Hofstra, G. & Fletcher, R. A. (1987). Anatomical changes induced by triazoles in wheat seedlings. Canadian Journal of Botany, 66, 1178-1185.
  15. Gilley, A. & Fletcher, R. A. (1997). Relative efficacy of paclobtrazol, propinozole and tetraconazole as stress protectants in wheat seedlings. Plant Growth Regulation, 21, 169-175.
  16. Imam, R. M., Kandil, S. A., Abo El-Khair, M. S. A. & Abd El-Halim, S. (1995). Growth parameters, metabolic changes and productivity of wheat plants as affected by uniconazole treatments under water stress conditions. Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 10, 12-27.
  17. Jiang, H. & Frey, J. (1998). Drought responses of perennial ryegrass treated with growth regulators. HortScience, 33, 270-273.
  18. Johnston, A. M., Tanaka, D. L., Miller, P. R., Brandt, S. A., Nielsen, D. C., Lafond, G. P. & Riveland, N. R. (2002). Oilseed Crops for Semiarid Cropping Systems in the Northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 94, 231-240.
  19. Kafi, M., Borzoee, A., Salehi, M., Kamandi, A., Masoumi, A. & Nabati, J. (2009). Physiology of environmental stresses in plants. Mashhad, Jehad Danshgahi Press. 502 pp. (in Farsi)
  20. Khajehpour, M. (2005). Industrial crop production. Isfahan Technology University, Jehad Daneshgahi Press. 580 pp. (in Farsi)
  21. Latifi, N. (1993). Soybean physiology, agronomy, and utilization (by Norman, A. G.). Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Press. 282 pp. (in Farsi)
  22. Leul, M. and Zhou, W. J. (1999). Alleviation of waterlogging damage in winter rape by uniconazole application: effects on enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, and membrane integrity. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 18, 9-14.
  23. Liang, Y. C. (1999). Effects of silicon on enzyme activity, and sodium, potassium and calcium concentration in barley under salt stress. Plant and Soil, 209, 217-224.
  24. Liang, Y. C., Zhang, W. H., Chen, Q. & Ding, R. X. (2005). Effects of silicon on tonoplast Hþ-ATPase and Hþ-PPase activity, fatty acid composition and fluidity in roots of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Environmental and Experimental Botany, 53, 29-37.
  25. Liang, Y. C., Zhang, W. H., Chen, Q., Liu, Y. L. & Ding, R. X. (2006). Effect of exogenous silicon (Si) on Hþ-ATPase activity, phospholipids and fluidity of plasma membrane in leaves of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Environmental and Experimental Botany, 57, 212-219.
  26. Ma, J., Nishimara, K. & Takahashi, E. (1989). Effect of silicon on the growth of rice plant at different growth stages. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 35, 347-356.
  27. Marshall, J. G., Rutledge, R. G., Blumwald, E. & Dumbroff, E. D. (2000). Reduction in turgid water in jack pine, white spruce and black spruce in response to drought and paclobutrazol. Tree Physiology, 20, 701-707.
  28. Mohammadi, G. R., Chatrnour, S., Jalali-Honarmand, S. & Kahrizi, D. (2015). The effects of planting arrangement and phosphate biofertilizer on soybean under different weed interference periods. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 105, 313-322.
  29. Naderi Darbaghshahi, M., NoorMohammadi, G., Majidi E., Darvish, F., Shiranirad, A. & Madani, H. (2004). Effects of drought stress and plant density on ecophysiological traits of three safflower lines in summer planting in Isfahan. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 20, 281-296. (in Farsi)
  30. Novozamsky, I., van Eck, R., van Schouwenburg J. Ch. & Walinga, I. (1974). Total nitrogen determination in plant material by means of the indophenol blue method. Netherland Journal of Agricultural Science, 22, 3-5.
  31. Roshdi, M., Heydari Sharifabad, H., Karimi, M., Nourmohammadi, G. H. & Darvish, F. (2006). A Syrvey on the impact of water deficiency over the yield of sunflower seed cultivar and its components. Journal of Agriculture Science, 12, 109-121. (in Farsi)
  32. Sarmadnia, G. H. & Koocheki, A. (1992). Physiological aspects of dryland farming (by Gupta, U. S.). Jihad Daneshgahi Mashhad Press. 424 pp. (in Farsi)
  33. Shou, H. X., Zhu, D. H., Chen, C. X., Zhu, W. Y. & Zhu, S. L. (1991). The initial study of responses and physiological indexes for drought resistance in eight soybean varieties under drought condition. Acta Agriculturea Zhejiangensis, 6, 278-281.
  34. Still, J. R. & Pill, W. G. (2004). Growth and stress tolerance of tomato seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in response to seed treatment with paclobutrazol. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 79, 197 203.
  35. Tuna, A. L. (2014). Influence of foliarly applied different triazole compounds on growth, nutrition, and antioxidant enzyme activities in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Under salt stress. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 8, 71-79.
  36. Wang, W., Vinocur, B. & Altman, A. (2003). Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: towards genetic engineering for stress tolerance. Planta, 218, 1-14.
  37. Wang-Xi, Yu, MeiYu, Tao- LongXing, Wang, X., YU-MY. & Tao, L. X. (1994). The effect of uniconazole chemical control method on rice yield. Chinese Journal for Rice Science, 8, 181- 184.  
  38. Zhang, M., Duan, l., Tian, X., He, Z., Li, J., Wang, B. & Li, Z. (2006). Uniconazole-induced tolerance of soybean to water deficit stress in relation to changes in photosynthesis, hormones and antioxidant system. Journal of Plant Physiology, 164, 709-717.

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 مهر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 شهریور 1395
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1396

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار