بررسی شیوۀ کاربرد سولفات‌روی بر بیشینه شاخص سطح برگ، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد آفتابگردان (Helianthus annuus L.) در شرایط تنش رطوبتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا همدان

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا همدان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثرگذاری تنش رطوبتی و شیوۀ کاربرد سولفات‌روی بر بیشینه شاخص سطح برگ، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد  آفتابگردان، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1393 در مزرعۀ تحقیقاتی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده (اسپیلت پلات) در قالب طرح پایۀ بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. تنش رطوبتی در چهار سطح (آبیاری پس از 60، 90، 120 و 150 میلی­متر تبخیر از تشت تبخیر کلاس (A در کرت­های اصلی و شیوۀ کاربرد کود سولفات‌روی در چهار سطح )بدون کاربرد، محلول‌پاشی، کاربرد خاکی به‌صورت پخش و کاربرد خاکی به‌صورت نواری( در کرت­های فرعی قرار گرفت.نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد بیشینه شاخص سطح برگ، وزن طبق، شمار دانه در طبق و عملکرد دانه در شدت­های کم تنش رطوبتی (آبیاری پس از 60 و 90 میلی‌متر تبخیر) با شیوۀ محلول‌پاشی به دست آمدند، امّا در سطح تنش شدید رطوبتی در صفات یادشده تفاوتی بین روش‌های کاربرد سولفات‌روی وجود نداشت. به‌هرحال، قطر طبق و عملکرد زیست‌توده (بیوماس) در شرایط تنش شدید رطوبتی (آبیاری پس از 150 میلی­متر تبخیر) در شیوۀ محلول‌پاشی سولفات‌روی مقادیر بالاتری به خود اختصاص دادند. در این تحقیق وزن صد دانه تنها تحت تأثیر شدت تنش رطوبتی قرار گرفت و شاخص برداشت هم با کاهش دسترسی به رطوبت، کاهش یافت.در این بررسی کاربرد سولفات‌روی به‌ویژه به‌صورت محلول‌پاشی و در شرایط کمبود رطوبت سبب بهبود بیشتر صفات بررسی‌شده و کاهش شدت تنش رطوبت بر آن‌ها شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of zinc sulfate application method on maximum leaf area index, yield and yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under water stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Aboutalebian 1
  • Afsaneh Baba Raeisi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
2 M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
چکیده [English]

To study the effect of water stress and zinc sulfate application method on maximum leaf area index, yield and yield components of sunflower, an experiment was conducted in 2014 at research station of Bu Ali Sina University as a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement in three replications. Water stress in four levels (irrigation after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm evaporation from A pan) was placed in main plots and zinc sulfate application methods (no application, foliar feeding, broadcasting and placement application) were placed as subplots. The results showed that the maximums of leaf area index, head weight, number of seeds per head and grain yield were achieved in low intensity of water stress levels (irrigation after 60 and 90 mm evaporation) plus foliar feeding of zinc sulfate. Nevertheless, at severe water stress conditions, there was not difference between application methods of zinc sulfate fertilizer on measured traits. However, the head diameter and biological yield in severe water stress level (irrigation after 150 mm evaporation) were higher in foliar zinc sulfate application versus other application forms. In this study, seed weight was only affected by water stress treatments and harvest index reduced by reduction in water availability. In this study zinc sulfate especially in foliar application and under water stress improved the most of measured traits and decreased water stress severity on them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological yield
  • evaporation pan
  • foliar feeding
  • Placement

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فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 خرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 اسفند 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 اردیبهشت 1395
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1396

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