تأثیر سن و تاریخ انتقال نشا بر ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی چغندرقند

لطفی کیوانلو, عباس; آرمین, محمد

doi:10.22059/ijfcs.2017.131207.653935

تأثیر سن و تاریخ انتقال نشا بر ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی چغندرقند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران

² دانشیار زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران

10.22059/ijfcs.2017.131207.653935

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تاریخ و سن انتقال نشا بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی چغندرقند آزمایشی به‌صورت طرح کرتهای خردشده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرکت برکت جوین (کیلومتر 60 شمال غرب سبزوار) در سال زراعی 92-1391 انجام شد. عامل‌های مورد بررسی شامل تاریخ انتقال نشا (اول خرداد، 15 خرداد و اول تیر) به‌عنوان کرت اصلی و سن نشا در زمان انتقال (30، 40، 50 و 60 روزه به همراه کشت مستقیم) به‌عنوان کرتهای فرعی بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که تأخیر در تاریخ انتقال نشا سبب کاهش 4/16 درصدی عملکرد ریشه، 8/16 درصدی عملکرد قند و افزایش 5/9 درصدی سدیم شد. دیگر ویژگی‌های کیفی چغندرقند تحت تأثیر تاریخ انتقال نشا قرار نگرفت. افزایش سن نشا سبب افزایش عملکرد ریشه و عملکرد قند در مقایسه با کشت مستقیم شد درحالی‌که عیار قند، میزان پتاسیم و نیتروژن زیانبار تحت تأثیر قرار نگرفت. بنا بر نتایج بیشترین واکنش سن نشا به تاریخ کشت در کشت اول تیر مشاهده شد. بالاترین عملکرد ریشه در تاریخ کشت اول خرداد با کشت نشا 60 روزه مشاهده شد. تأخیر در تاریخ کشت در کشت مستقیم چغندرقند سبب کاهش قابل‌ملاحظۀ عملکرد ریشه و قند شد. در مجموع می‌توان در شرایط همسان این آزمایش در همۀ تاریخ‌های کاشت استفاده از نشا 60 روزه را برای دستیابی به عملکرد ریشه و قند مناسب توصیه کرد و در کشت دیرهنگام استفاده از نشا 30 روزه توصیه نمی‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.20084811.1396.48.1.25.3

موضوعات

فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of seedlings age and date of transfer on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sugar beet

نویسندگان [English]

Abbas Lotfi keyvanlo ¹
Mohammad Armin ²

¹ Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran

² Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran

چکیده [English]

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seedlings age and date of transplanting on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sugar beet at Jovein Barkat Company (60 km northeastern of Sabzevar, Razavi Khorasn) in 2011-2012. The experiment was carried out as a split plot design in a completely randomized blocks design with three replications. Factors were: seedling transplanting date (21 May, 4 June and 21 June) as main plot and seedling age (30, 40, 50, 60 and direct sowing) as sub plot. The results indicated that delayed in seedling transfer date decreased root yield by 16.45%, sugar yield by 21.77% and increased Na⁺ by 9.55%. Other beet quality did not affected by seedling transfer date. Increasing seedling age increased root yield and sugar content and sugar yield in comparison with direct sowing whereas seedling age did not have significant effect on sugar content, K⁺ content and α-amino N. overall, result suggested that transplanting on 21 June was more sensitive to seedling age. The highest root yield was observed on 60 days seedling age and transplanting on 21 May. Delay in planting date for direct sowing of sugar beet considerably reduced root and sugar yield. Overall, in a similar situation in all planting dates 60 days seedling age could be suggested for the maximum root and sugar yield but in late planting date use of 30 days seedling age is not recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Direct seeded
seedling transfer date
seedling transfer age
sugar beets
transplanting cultivation

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