بررسی تأثیر ماشک گل ‏خوشه‏ ای به‌عنوان‏ کشت اول و کود سبز به همراه سطوح کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد ذرت علوفه ‏ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

به‏منظور بررسی تأثیر ماشک گل‏خوشه‏ای به‌صورت کشت اول و کود سبز توأم با سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد کمی ذرت علوفه‏ای (کشت دوم) در مزرعۀ تحقیقاتی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران آزمایشی در سال زراعی 92-1391 انجام گرفت. آزمایش با کشت دوگانۀ ماشک مجاری پانونیکا (Vicia pannonica)، و ذرت علوفه‏ای (Zea mays L.) به‌صورت کرت‏های دو بار خرد‏شده در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. کرت اصلی شامل تیمار‏های پیش‏کاشت در سه سطح آیش نکاشت، کشت ماشک به‏عنوان علوفه و کشت ماشک به‏عنوان کود سبز و کود نیتروژن به‌عنوان کرت فرعی در سه سطح (0، 50 درصد و 100 حد معمول) و رقم‌های ذرت علوفه‏ای به‌عنوان کرت فرعی‏فرعی شامل رقم سایمون و ZP677 بودند. نتایج نشان داد که میزان وزن علوفۀ خشک ذرت مربوط به تیمار پیش‏کشت ماشک به‏عنوان علوفه و کود سبز نسبت به تیمار آیش نکاشت، به ترتیب 6/26 و 8/22 درصد بیشتر بود، همچنین وزن خشک بلال مربوط به تیمار پیش‏کشت ماشک به‏عنوان علوفه و کود سبز نسبت به آیش نکاشت به ترتیب 6/45 و 7/48 درصد بیشتر بود. وزن خشک برگ ذرت مربوط به تیمار پیش‏کشت ماشک به‏عنوان علوفه و کود سبز نسبت به آیش نکاشت به ترتیب 8/15 و 9/20 درصد بیشتر بود. به‌طورکلی، می‏توان بیان کرد که با افزایش نیتروژن در کشت ذرت برخی ویژگی‌های کمّی علوفه تحت تأثیر مستقیم قرارگرفته و موجب تغییر قابل‏توجهی در میزان علوفه می‏شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the effect of vetch (Vicia pannonica) as a first season sowing and green manure along with nitrogen fertilizer levels on forage maize yield

نویسندگان [English]

  • Meysam Taheri 1
  • Farhad Bayat 1
  • Hossein Moghaddam 2
  • Naser Majnoon-Hosseini 3
1 Former M.Sc. Students, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effect of vetch as a first season crop and green manure with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on forage maize yield (as a second crop) a research was conducted at research farm of agricultural and natural resources, the University of Tehran in the year 2012-2013. Experiment arranged as a double split-plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications with double crop cultivar (Vicia pannonica) and forage maize (Zea mays L.). The main plots consisted of pre-sowing treatments of a fallow plot, vetch as a forage as well as a green manure, and nitrogen fertilizer as a subplot at three levels (zero, 50% and 100 standard limits), the sub-sub plots included two vetch cultivars (i.e. Simon and ZP677). The results indicated that the forage maize dry weight in pre-sowing treatments of forage and green manure produced 26.6% and 22.8% than the fallow treatment, respectively. Likewise, the cob dry weight in pre-sowing treatments of forage and green manure provided 45.6% and 48.7% than the fallow treatment, respectively. The maize leaf dry weight was higher of about 15.8% and 20.9%, respectively in forage and green manure treatments in comparison to the fallow treatment. Overall, it can be inferred that with the increase of nitrogen in forage maize cultivation some of the characteristics of the forage are directly affected and cause significant changes in forage yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cereal
  • Double cropping
  • Legume
  • pre-sowing

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 دی 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 خرداد 1396

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