بررسی تأثیر شرایط رشد پایۀ مادری، بر ماندگاری بذر جو (Hordeum vulgare L.)

عیسی نژاد, نسرین سادات; ملکی فراهانی, سعیده; رضازاده, علیرضا

doi:10.22059/ijfcs.2017.122885.653857

بررسی تأثیر شرایط رشد پایۀ مادری، بر ماندگاری بذر جو (Hordeum vulgare L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد

² استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد

10.22059/ijfcs.2017.122885.653857

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی شرایط رشد پایۀ مادری بر ماندگاری بذرهای جو (Hordeum vulgare L.)، آزمایش مزرعهای به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح پایۀ بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد، تیمارهای رطوبتی اعمال‌شده بر پایۀ مادری شامل: آبیاری کامل، تنش متوسط (قطع آبیاری در مرحلۀ گلدهی) و تنش شدید (قطع آبیاری از گلدهی تا برداشت) و تیمارهای کودی شامل شاهد (بدون کود)، کود زیستی، کود ورمی‌کمپوست، کود شیمیایی، تلفیقی از کود زیستی با شیمیایی و کود ورمی‌کمپوست با شیمیایی بود. بنیۀ بذر و ماندگاری بذرها پس از پنج سال انبارداری طبیعی با استفاده از آزمون‌های بنیه و پراکسیداسیون غشا اندازه‌گیری شد. و درنهایت عملکرد دانه و دیگر ویژگی‌های گیاه بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد، درصد سبز شدن تحت تأثیر تنش متوسط خشکی کاهش یافت. درحالی‌که گیاهانی که نظام تلفیقی کود زیستی با کود شیمیایی دریافت کرده بودند و در شرایط تنش متوسط قرار گرفتند در کمترین زمان بیشترین درصد سبز شدن را داشتند، همچنین ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد دانه افزایش و هدایت الکتریکی و پراکسیداسیون غشا در آن‌ها کاهش یافت، درحالی‌که تیماری که پایۀ مادری آن‌ها تنها کود شیمیایی دریافت و در شرایط تنش کمآبی متوسط قرارگرفته بودند پس از دورۀ انبارداری از لحاظ صفات جوانهزنی و اجزای عملکرد آسیب‌پذیرتر بودند. تیمار کود تلفیقی شیمیایی و زیستی در شرایط مختلف رطوبتی، به‌طور یکسان عمل کرده و بیشترین پایداری را در صفات بنیه، ماندگاری بذر و عملکرد پس از انبارداری نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.20084811.1396.48.1.20.8

موضوعات

فیزیولوژی و تولید بذر

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation the effect of maternal growth environment on survival of barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L.)

نویسندگان [English]

Nasrin Sadat Esanejad ¹
Saeideh Maleki Farahani ²
Alireza Rezazadeh ²

¹ M. Sc. Student of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

² Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effect of maternal growth environment on the establishment and seed vigor of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), after warehouse storage, a field experimental was conducted as spilit plot arrangement in complete randomized block design with three replications. The Irrigation treatments, included full irrigation, moderate stress (irrigation flowering stage) and severe stress (irrigation from flowering to harvest), and fertilizer treatments included control (without fertilizer), bio-fertilizer, organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, integratedof manure bio-fertilizer with the chemical fertilizer and combination of manure organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizers. Seed vigor and survival after five years of natural storage were measured via vigor test and lipid peroxidation test and finally the grain yield and other plant characteristics were evaluated. The results showed that the moderate drought stress imposed on the mother plant reduced the germination percentage, while the plants which received the integrated bio-fertilizer with chemical fertilizer, had the highest percentage of germination. In this treatment plant height and grain yield increased whereas reduced EC and Lipid peroxidation, while the treatments in which recieved chemical fertilizerand had been under mild water stress, after the storage period, germination and yield component were more vulnerable. The results of seed vigor, establishment and peroxidation of membrane indicated that among of fertilizers treatment imposed on the maternal, the integrated bio-fertilizer with chemical fertilizer under different water stress conditions had the same result and showed more sustainability in seed vigor, yield and storability potential.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Bio-fertilizer
Drought stress
integrated fertilizer
storage

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