تأثیر کاربرد کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی فسفر بر عملکرد دانه، عملکرد روغن و اسیدهای چرب گلرنگ بهاره (IL111) در شرایط کمبود آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کاربرد کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی فسفر بر ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی یک رقم گلرنگ بهاره (IL111) در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 91-1390، در مزرعۀ پژوهشی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهد اجرا شد. طرح آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت- فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در نظر گرفته شد. عامل اصلی شامل تنش خشکی در سه سطح: آبیاری کامل یا بدون تنش (آبیاری بر پایۀ تخلیۀ 50 درصد رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی)، تنش خشکی در مرحلۀ رشد رویشی و تنش در مرحلۀ زایشی (آبیاری بر پایۀ تخلیۀ 75 درصد رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی) و عامل فرعی به‌صورت فاکتوریل شامل شش تیمار که سه سطح آن کود شیمیایی فسفر با مقادیر (0، 50 و 100 کیلوگرم سوپر فسفات تریپل در هکتار) و کود زیستی فسفات بارور-2، در 2 سطح (تلقیح و بدون تلقیح) بود. تأثیر تنش خشکی روی صفات مورد اندازه‏گیری در این آزمایش معنی‌دار بود. کاربرد کود فسفر در سطح  50 کیلوگرم سوپرفسفات تریپل در هکتار به همراه کود زیستی در هنگام اعمال تنش در مرحلۀ زایشی باعث افزایش عملکرد دانه به میزان 67/1761 کیلوگرم در هکتار و افزایش 53/12 درصدی شاخص برداشت نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. با اعمال تنش در مرحلۀ زایشی، میزان اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع و همچنین درصد و عملکرد روغن در نتیجۀ کابرد کود زیستی همراه با کاربرد کود شیمیایی فسفر افزایش معنی‌داری داشتند. بنابراین به نظر می‌رسد ویژگی‌های گلرنگ در شرایط تنش در اثر کاربرد همزمان کود زیستی فسفات بارور-2 با کود شیمیایی فسفر، نتیجۀ بهتری دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of biological and chemical phosphorous fertilizer on grain yield, oil seed and fatty acids of Spring Safflower in water deficit conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Siavash Heshmati 1
  • Majid Amini Dehaghi 2
  • Kayvan Fathi Amirkhiz 1
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of biologic and chemical phosphorous fertilizer on the yield and physiological characteristics of a safflower cultivar (IL111) under water deficit conditions, an experiment was conducted in 2012 at the Research Field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University. The experimental design was split-factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design with three replicates. The main factors tested were the three levels of water stress: full irrigation or non-stress (irrigation up to 50% soil moisture depletion relative to field capacity), water stress during the vegetative and flowering stages (irrigation up to 75% soil moisture depletion relative to field capacity). There were six sub-factor treatments created using three concentrations of phosphate chemical fertilizer (0, 50, and 100 kg ha-1Triple Super Phosphate) and two concentrations of Barvar-2 bio-fertilizer (with and without inoculation with Barvar-2). The results indicated that all traits were significantly affected by water stress condition in this experiment.The use of biological fertilizer and chemical phosphorus fertilizer at a concentration of 50 kg ha-1Triple Super Phosphate during water stress at the flowering stage increased the seed yield and harvest index by 1761.67 kg ha-1 and %12.53, respectively in comparison with control treatment (non-stress). Applying drought conditions during the flowering stage also significantly increased the fatty acid content (oleic, linoleic), oil content and oil yield when the plants were treated with biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer. Therefore, the characteristics of safflower cultivars under water stress conditions can be improved by applying both biological fertilizer and chemical fertilizer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Barvar 2
  • Drought stress
  • linoleic acid
  • oil content
  • Triple super phosphate

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 بهمن 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 31 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 خرداد 1396

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