بهبود عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب ذرت در شرایط کمبود آب با کاربرد میکوریزا و محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر قارچریشه (میکوریزا) و محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی (zn) بر رقم ذرت NS640 در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده (اسپلیت پلات) فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعۀ دانشگاه بوعلی سینا در سال 1393 اجرا شد. کرت اصلی شامل چهار سطح آبیاری پس از 60، 90، 120و 150 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشت تبخیر کلاس A و کرت فرعی شامل دو عامل محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی و کود زیستی قارچریشۀ گونۀ Glomus mosseae به‌صورت فاکتوریل هرکدام در دو سطح کاربرد و بدون کاربرد بود. نتایج نشان داد که همۀ صفات تحت تأثیر تنش کم آبی قرار گرفتند. تأثیر قارچریشه و محلول‌پاشی نیز بر همۀ صفات به‌جز شمار بلال در بوته معنی‌دار بود. وزن صد دانه تحت تأثیر تیمار استفادۀ توأم از قارچریشه و محلول‌پاشی روی 39/30 درصد افزایش یافت. کاربرد قارچریشه عملکردهای دانه و زیست‌توده (بیوماس) را در هر چهار سطح تنش افزایش داد اما محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی تنها در سطوح آبیاری پس از 60 و 90 میلی‌متر موجب افزایش عملکرد دانه شد. همچنین محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی در مقایسه با بدون محلول‌پاشی عملکرد زیست‌توده را 11 درصد افزایش داد. بیشترین کارایی مصرف آب به میزان 8/1 کیلوگرم دانه بر مترمکعب آب نیز از سطح آبیاری 90 میلی‌متر و استفاده از قارچریشه به‌دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Improving yield and water use efficiency of corn under water deficit conditions by using mycorrhiza and foliar application of zinc sulfate

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad aboutalebian 1
  • Nasrin Khodabandehloo 2
1 Assistant Professor of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 M. Sc. Student of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of mycorrhiza and foliar application of zinc sulfate on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of a corn hybrid (cv NS640)under water deficit stress conditions, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design as split plot factorial with three replications at research station of Bu Ali Sina University of Hamedan in 2014. The main plots consisted of four irrigation levels (irrigation after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm cumulative evaporation from pan A) and subplots were consisted of two factors including zinc sulfate (non and foliar application with 0.5 percent zinc sulfate concentration) and Glomus mosseae mycorrhizae (non and mycorrhizae inoculum) in factorial. The results showed that all traits were affected by water stress. The effect of mycorrhiza and zinc sulfate foliar application on all traits except for number of ears per plant were significant. The simultaneous use of mycorrhiza and foliar zinc sulfate increased the 100 kernel weight by 30.39%. Mycorrhiza increased grain and biological yields in all four levels of water deficit stress but foliar application of zinc sulfate increased only grain yield by irrigation after 60 and 90 mm cumulative evaporation. Also compared with non foliar zinc sulfate application biological yield increased to 11%. The highest water use efficiency (1.8 kg grains per cubic meter of water) obtained from using mycorrhiza and irrigation after 90 mm cumulative evaporation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biofertilizer
  • Biological yield
  • grain weight

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فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 خرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 اردیبهشت 1395
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 خرداد 1396

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