بررسی تغییرپذیری برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک کلزا (Brassica napus L.) تحت تأثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 دانشیار، پژوهشکدۀ بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، کرج

چکیده

در این بررسی واکنش 9 ژنوتیپ کلزا (Brassica napus L.) به سطوح مختلف آبیاری (50 ، 70 و100درصد ظرفیت زراعی) در مراحل اولیۀ رشد گیاهچه‌ها ارزیابی شدند. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایۀ بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در تابستان 1392 در گلخانه‌های تحقیقاتی دانشگاه ارومیه اجرا شد. برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی شامل محتوای نسبی آب، هدایت روزنه‌ای، تعرق، نورساخت (فتوسنتز)، کارایی مصرف آب، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن خشک ریشه و میزان قندهای محلول و نامحلول ارزیابی شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که با کاهش سطوح آبیاری، میزان محتوای نسبی آب، هدایت روزنه‌ای، تعرق، نورساخت، کارایی مصرف آب، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن خشک ریشه و میزان قندهای نامحلول برگ‌ها کاهش و میزان دمای برگ، عدد SPAD و قندهای محلول افزایش پیدا کرد. در 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، بالاترین میزان نورساخت خالص مربوط به ژنوتیپ‌های زرفام و لیکورد بود. بیشترین کاهش میزان نورساخت خالص با افزایش تنش خشکی (50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی)، در ژنوتیپ لیکورد مشاهده شد. با اعمال تنش شدید خشکی، بیشترین وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی در ژنوتیپ زرفام و کمترین میزان در ژنوتیپ‌های ظفر و لیکورد مشاهده شد. بر پایۀ نتایج تجزیۀ خوشه‌ا‌یی در 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، ژنوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی در دو گروه ژنوتیپ‌های به نسبت مقاوم (زرفام، کرج 2، اکاپی و کرج 3) و حساس (ساری گل، اپرا، ظفر، اس ال ام و لیکورد) قرار گرفتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the changes of some physiological properties of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under different irrigation levels

نویسندگان [English]

  • Raheleh Ghasemzadeh 1
  • Alireza Taleei 2
  • Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh 3
  • Seyed Ali Peyghambari 2
  • Mohammad Reza Naghavi 2
1 Ph. D. Student, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study the response of 9 rapeseed genotypes were evaluated at the seedling stage using different irrigation levels (50, 70 and 100% FC). A factorial experiment based on RCBD was conducted in the research greenhouses of Urmia University with four replications during summer of 2013. Some physiological traits such as relative water content, stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, shoot fresh and dry weight; root dry weight and the amount of soluble and insoluble sugars were evaluated. The results of this study showed that with decreasing irrigation levels, relative water content, stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, shoot fresh and dry weight, root dry weight and insoluble sugars decreased, however the amount of leaf temperature, SPAD number and soluble sugars increased. The highest rate of net photosynthesis was observed in Zarfam and Licord genotypes at 100% of field capacity. The maximum decreasing in net photosynthesis was observed in Licord genotype by increasing water stress level (50% field capacity). Under severe drought stress, maximum shoot fresh and dry weight was observed in Zarfam genotype while it was lowest in the Zafar and Licord genotypes. Using cluster analysis in 50% FC, the genotypes were located in two groups of semi resistant (Zarfam, Karaj 2, Okapi and Karaj 3) and sensitive (Sarigol, Opera, Zafar, SLM, and Licord).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Canola
  • Drought stress
  • photosynthesis
  • Transpiration
  • water use efficiency and soluble sugars

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 تیر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 مهر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 دی 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 آذر 1395

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