تأثیر کاربرد کودهای آلی و زیستی بر عملکرد و برخی ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناختی گیاه دارویی سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

2 استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

3 دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

4 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گلستان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی عملکرد و برخی ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناختی (مورفولوژیکی) گیاه سرخارگل، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 93-1392 در مزرعۀ دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع‏ طبیعی رامین خوزستان به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده (اسپلیت) فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. محلول‏پاشی چای ورمی‏کمپوست در دو سطح (بدون کاربرد چای‏ ورمی‏کمپوست و کاربرد چای ورمی‏کمپوست)، در کرت اصلی، کود آلی در سه سطح (بدون کاربرد کود، کود ورمی‏کمپوست و کود گاوی) و کود زیستی در دو سطح (بدون کاربرد کود زیستی و کاربرد کود زیستی بیوآزوسپیر) در کرت فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بالاترین قطر گل در تیمار ورمی‏کمپوست به دست آمد. ترکیب تیماری ورمی‏کمپوست به همراه کود زیستی بیوآسپیر بیشترین وزن خشک ریشه، ساقه، برگ، شمار گل در بوته و شمار ساقۀ جانبی را سبب شد. کاربرد ورمی‏کمپوست همراه با کود زیستی بیوآزوسپیر سبب تولید بالاترین میزان وزن خشک گل، قطر ریشه و عملکرد زیستی شد. بیشترین قطر یقۀ گیاه مربوط به تیمار تلفیقی کود دامی به همراه کود زیستی بیوآزوسپیر به دست آمد. بیشترین شاخص سطح برگ از ترکیب تیماری چای‏ ورمی‏کمپوست به همراه کود زیستی به دست آمد. همچنین تیمار ترکیبی محلول‏پاشی چای‏ ورمی‏کمپوست در ورمی‏کمپوست در کود زیستی بیوآزوسپیر سبب تولید بالاترین میزان ارتفاع شد. بااین‌حال بیشترین میزان شاخص برداشت در تیمار شاهد مشاهده شد. این تحقیق نشان داد که تیمار ترکیبی ورمی‏کمپوست به همراه چای ورمی‏کمپوست نسبت به دیگر تیمارها در کشت سرخارگل سودمندتر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of organic and biological fertilizers application on yield and some morphological characteristics in Coneflower (Echinaceae purpurea L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hosna Fayazi 1
  • Alireza Abdali Mashhadi 2
  • Ahmad Kouchakzadeh 2
  • Abdolhamid Papzan 3
  • Mohammadhossein Arzanesh 4
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Field Crop Science, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Field Crop Science, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Agriculture Extension and Education, Agricultural Colleg, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Member of scientific board, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Golestan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The present study was conducted to investigate the yield and some morphological characteristics of Echinacea Purpurea. The experiment was conducted in Research Farm of the Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan during 2013- 2014. The experiment was performed as a split plot factorial based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The foliar application of vermicompost tea (control and vermicompost tea) was applied in the main plot and other factors include organic fertilizer (control, vermicompost and cow manure) and biofertilizer (control and of Azospir biofertilizer) were used in the sub-plots. Results showed that maximum diameter of the flower was obtained by vermicompost application. The maximum root dry weight, stem dry weight, leaf dry weight, number of flowers per plant and lateral shoot number were obtained by mixed application of vermicompost and Azospir biofertilizer. It was also found that vermicompost with Azospir biofertilizer treatment caused the highest flower, dry weight, biological yield and root diameter. Most collar diameter was created by the integrated treatment of manure and bio-fertilizer. The highest LAI value was obtained by combined Azospir biofertilizer and vermicompost tea. The foliar application of vermicompost tea and Azospir biofertilizer caused the highest plant height. However, the highest harvest index was observed in control treatment. As a result, it was found that integrated treatment of vermicompost and vermicompost tea was remarkably recognized better than other treatments which could improve the yield of Echinacea Purpurea.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioazospir
  • Foliar Application
  • vermicompost tea

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 دی 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1395

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