تأثیر کم آبیاری بر عملکرد کمّی و کیفی علوفه و کارایی کاربرد آب در ذرت سیلویی (SC260)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر آبیاری جویچه‌ای یک‌درمیان بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی ذرت سیلویی دورگ (هیبرید) سینگل­کراس 260 (فجر) در کشت مخلوط با یونجة یک‌ساله در مزرعة تحقیقاتی دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام در سال 1388، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گرفت. آبیاری در دو سطح (آبیاری جویچه‌ای یک‌درمیان و جویچه‌ای کامل) به کرت‌های اصلی اختصاص یافت و کرت‌های فرعی شامل شاهد (کشت خالص ذرت بدون کود نیتروژن)، کشت خالص با کاربرد کود و کشت مخلوط ذرت SC260 (فجر) با یونجة همدانی بدون کاربرد کود شد. شرایط آبیاری جویچه‌ای یک‌درمیان در همة طول دورة رشد باعث کاهش معنی‌دار وزن خشک و تر علوفة خالص و علوفة مخلوط (یونجه + ذرت)، میزان پروتئین و افزایش کارایی کاربرد آب شد. تأثیر روش آبیاری بر میزان NDF معنی­دار نشد. از میان نوع کشت موردبررسی، با توجه به افزایش معنی­دار عملکرد علوفه در نوع کشت خالص با کاربرد کود، این تیمار از نظر کمّی به‌عنوان تیمار برتر ترجیح داده می­شود؛ ولی از لحاظ کیفی کشت مخلوط بدون کاربرد کود به‌عنوان تیمار برتر شناخته می­شود چون میزان پروتئین بالا و میزان NDF کمی دارد. با در نظر گرفتن کارایی کاربرد آب، آبیاری یک‌درمیان و کشت مخلوط بهترین تیمارها هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of limited irrigation on quantitative and qualitative yield and water use efficiency of forage maize SC260

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zohreh Karimi 1
  • Ali Ashraf Mehrabi 2
  • Mohammad Javad Zare 2
  • Mehrshad Barary 3
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of agriculture, University of Ilam, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of agriculture, University of Ilam, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of agriculture, University of Ilam, Iran
چکیده [English]

Investigation of various irrigation methods and intercropping are effective strategies for increasing water use efficiency and improve crop production. A field experiment conducted to study the effects of alternate furrow irrigation on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of forage corn with annual alfalfa cropping under its canopy in Ilam climate conditions. Experiment carried out as a split plot based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications at research farm of Ilam University. Irrigation (alternate furrow irrigation and common furrow irrigation) as main plots and planting methods (Control without nitrogen fertilizer and alfalfa, nitrogen fertilizer and intercropping) as sub plots. The results showed that alternate furrow irrigation decreased significantly total dry weight and total produced forage dry weight (dry forage of corn and dry forage of alfalfa, total fresh weight and total produced forage fresh weight (fresh forage of corn and fresh forage of alfalfa), and protein content. According to the results, the most quantity of forage obtained from corn plots with nitrogen which commonly irrigated, also the best quality was in cropping alfalfa under corn canopy without fertilizer. Therefore, intercropping of corn and alfalfa with alternate furrow irrigation is suggested to produce high quality forage with considering water use efficiency. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alternate furrow irrigation Zea mays
  • Forage yield
  • Water use efficiency

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 تیر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1395

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