بررسی فعالیت بعضی از آنزیم‌های پاداکسندگی و پراکسیداسیون چربی‌های غشا در ژنوتیپ‌های لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata L.) در شرایط عادی و تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اصلاح نباتات، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

شناخت فرآیندهای فیزیولوژیکی مرتبط با تنش خشکی منجر به شناسایی راه­کارهای اساسی در مقاومت، حفظ ظرفیت عملکرد و رقم‌های متحمل به تنش خشکی خواهد شد. با این هدف تأثیر تنش خشکی بر ژنوتیپ­های لوبیا چشم­بلبلی در سال 1393 در دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران ارزیابی شد. پنج ژنوتیپ با قابلیت و پتانسیل عملکرد متفاوت در یک آزمایش کرت‌های خردشده (اسپلیت­پلات) در قالب طرح پایة بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار تحت سه سطح تنش خشکی (35، 65 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) قرار گرفتند. خشکی سبب کاهش RWC و افزایش فعالیت آنزیم­های پاداکسندگی (آنتی­اکسیدانی) و محتوای مالون­دی آلدهید شد. تنش خشکی سبب کاهش  RWC و افزایش MDA و فعالیت آنزیم­های پاداکسندگی شد که با افزایش سطوح تنش بر مقادیر آن‌ها افزوده شد اما برای آنزیم کاتالاز بیشترین میزان آنزیم در سطح تنش 65 درصد بود و با افزایش شدت تنش در سطح تنش 35 درصد ظرفیت زراعی میزان آن کاهش نشان داد. به صورتی‌که در سطح تنش 35 درصد ظرفیت زراعی بیشترین و کمترین  میزان محتوای آب نسبی به ترتیب مربوط به ژنوتیپ­های 210 و 313 بود، میزان MDA در این دو ژنوتیپ در این سطح تنش کمترین میزان را داشت برای آنزیم­های CAT، GPX و  APXژنوتیپ­های 210 و 291 بالاترین میزان را داشتند. بالا بودن فعالیت آنزیم­های پاداکسندگی در ژنوتیپ­های 210 و 291 همراه با پایین بودن میزان محتوای مالون­دی­آلدهید در این ژنوتیپ­ها، به‌احتمال زیاد نشان‌دهندة ظرفیت بالای این ژنوتیپ­ها برای حذف گونه­های فعال اکسیژن تولیدی و ثبات عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در مقایسه با دیگر ژنوتیپ­ها است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of antioxidant enzymes activity and peroxidation of membrane lipid in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) genotypes under normal and drought stress condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khosro Mafakheri 1
  • Mohamad Reza Bihamta 2
  • Ali Reza Abbasi 3
1 Ph.D student Plant breeding in University of Tabriz
2 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associated Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Understanding the physiological processes associated with drought stress lead to an understanding of the basic mechanisms of resistance, maintaining yield potential and contribute to the identification of drought tolerant cultivars. For this purpose, the effects of drought stress in cowpea genotypes was evaluated using five different genotypes with different yield potential in a pot experiment in split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications under drought stress levels (35, 65 and 100% of field capacity) in the College of Agriculture, University of Tehran in 2014. Drought stress decreased RWC of cells and increase antioxidant enzyme and MDA content. Drought stress decreased RWC and increase MDA content and antioxidant enzyme activities by increasing levels of stress, but for catalase enzyme in stress levels the highest activity was 65%. With increasing stress and the stress level of 35% of field capacity, catalase activity exhibited higher reduction. Genotypes 210 and 313 had the lowest MDA level at 35% of field capacity and in these two genotypes enzymes CAT, GPX and APX 210 had the highest value. High levels of antioxidant enzyme activity in genotypes 210 and 291 associated with lower levels of MDA content in these genotypes, probably indicates the high potential of these genotypes to eliminate oxygen species production and yield stability compared with other genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • antioxidant enzyme
  • cowpea
  • Drought stress
  • Lipid Peroxidation

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 خرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1395

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