تأثیر قارچ‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌ریشه و ترکیب‌های هیومیک برعملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت سینگل کراس 704 در شرایط کم آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر قارچ‌ریشه (میکوریزا) و ترکیب‌های هیومیک بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت سینگل کراس 704 در شرایط کم آبیاری، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مزرعۀ آموزشی˗پژوهشی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران (کرج) در سال زراعی1390-1391 اجرا شد. شرایط کم آبیاری به‌عنوان عامل اصلی در سه سطح شامل آبیاری عادی (هر هفت روز دور آبیاری)، تنش خفیف خشکی (هر ده روز دور آبیاری) و تنش شدید خشکی (هر چهارده روز دور آبیاری) بود. تیمارهای کودی به‌عنوان عامل فرعی در شش سطح شامل 1- بدون کاربرد کود (شاهد)؛ 2- کاربرد 50درصد کود فسفری بنا بر نتیجۀ آزمون خاک؛ 3- کاربرد 100درصد کود فسفری بنا بر نتیجۀ آزمون خاک؛ 4- کاربرد 50درصد کود فسفری به همراه قارچ‌ریشه؛ 5- کاربرد 50درصد کود فسفری به همراه ترکیب‌های هیومیک؛ 6- کاربرد 50درصد کود فسفری به همراه قارچ‌ریشه + ترکیب‌های هیومیک اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش کم آبیاری به‌طور معنی‌داری سبب کاهش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت شد، اعمال تیمارهای کودی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر صفات عملکرد دانۀ ذرت، عملکرد زیست‌توده (بیولوژیک)، ارتفاع بوته، پروتئین دانه، نیتروژن و فسفر دانه داشتند اما بر صفات وزن هزاردانه و شاخص برداشت اثر معنی‌داری نداشتند. مقایسۀ میانگین تیمارها برای صفات مختلف نشان داد که بیشترین تغییرات نسبت به شاهد در تیمار کاربرد 50درصد کود فسفری به همراه قارچ‌ریشه + ترکیب‌های هیومیک به دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of mycorrhiza fungi and humic substances on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L. var. s.c. 704) under limited irrigation condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Ebadi 1
  • Naser Majnoon Hosseini 2
  • Mohmmad Reza Chaichi 2
چکیده [English]

To study the effects of mycorrhiza fungi and humic substances on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L. var. s.c. 704) under limited irrigation condition, an experiment was conducted in split plot arrangement based on RCBD in four replications at the research farm of University of Tehran (Karaj-Iran) in 2011. The main factor consisted of three irrigation levels i.e. normal (irrigation every 7days); mild water stress (irrigation every 10days) and severs water stress (irrigation every 14days). Fertilizer treatments comprised of zero (control); application of phosphorus 50% (based on soil testing result); application of phosphorus 100%; phosphorus 50% plus mycorrhiza; phosphorus 50% plus humic substance; and phosphorus 50% with humic substance plus mycorrhiza. The results showed that water stress significantly decreased yield. The fertilizer treatments had significant effects on grain yield, biological yield, and plant height, grain protein, grain nitrogen and phosphorus; but had no significant effect on seed weight, and harvest index. Comparison of treatment means for different traits showed that the greatest change compared to the control, was for the treatment of 50% humic compounds plus phosphorus fertilizer with mycorrhizal fungi.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corn
  • humic substance
  • limited irrigation
  • mycorrhiza fungi
  • yield & yield components

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 خرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1395

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